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Pharmacology > Parasympatholytics (Antimuscarinic/Anticholinergic) > Flashcards

Parasympatholytics (Antimuscarinic/Anticholinergic) Flashcards

1
Q

Prototype of Antimuscarinics/Anticholinergics

A

Atropine (inhibits M1, M2, M3)

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2
Q

Effects of Antimuscarinis

A

Blind as a Bat
Increase intraocular pressure (glaucoma)
Cyclopegia
Mydriasis

“Dry as a Bone”
Anhydrosis (decreased sweating)
Urinary Retention
Dec. peristalsis
Dec. acid secretion

Hot as Hell
Cutaneous vasodilation
Hyperthermia

Red as Beet
Flushing
Tachycardia

Mad as Hatter
Confusion
Delirium
Hallucination

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3
Q

Mydriatics / Cycloplegics

A
  • Tropicamide
  • Atropine
  • Cyclopentolate
  • Homotropine
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4
Q

Centrally Acting

A

Scopolamine
Benztropane
Biperiden
Trihexyphenidyl

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5
Q

Bronchi / Bronchodilators

A

Ipratropium
Oxitropium
Tiotropium

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6
Q

Selective M1-blockers

A

Prenzepine
Telenzepine

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7
Q

Selective M3-blockers

A

Hyoscine-N-butylbromide
Clidinium
Dicycloverine
Glycopyrrolate

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8
Q

Antinicotinics (Nn)

A

Nn - inhibited by ganglionic blockers
* Mecamylamine
* Trimetophan
* Hexamethonium

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9
Q

Antinicotinics (Nm) - Depolarizing Neuromuscular Blockers

A

Succinylcholine (Suxamethonium)
MOA: Irreversibly stimulates Nm receptors
Phase 1: Depolarizing Phase
Phase 2: Desensitizing Phase

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10
Q

Antinicotinics (Nm) - Non-Depolarizing Neuromuscular Blockers

A

A. Isoquinolines
“-curium”
Atracurium
Cistracurium
Mivacurium
Tubocurarine

B. Steroidal
“-curonium”
Rocuronium
Pancuronium
Vecuronium

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11
Q

Non-selective anti-cholinergic

A

Atropine

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12
Q

DOC for Physostigmine Toxicity

A

Atropine

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13
Q

Treatment of Organophosphate Poisoning

A

Atropine + Pralidoxime

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14
Q

For motion sickness

A

Scopolamine

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15
Q

Semisynthetic muscarinic R antagonist for COPD

A

Ipratropium
Tiotropium

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16
Q

Treatment of Intestinal cramps (IBD) & Intestinal hypermotility

A

Dicyclomine

17
Q

Treatment of overactive bladder (Frequent urination, nocturia, incontinence)

A

Oxybutynin
Tropium
Darefenacin
Tolterodine

18
Q

Used for pre-op to decrease secretion/salivation

A

Glycopyrrolate

19
Q

Treatment of severe essential hypertension and malignant hypertension

A

Ganglionic Blocking Agents:
Mecamylamine
Hexamethanomium
Trimethaphan

20
Q

Preferred neuromuscular blocker for adults with emergency airway situations

A

Succinylcholine (Suxamethonium chloride)

21
Q

Toxicity reversal of Isoquinolines

A

AchE blockers

22
Q

Toxic substance of Atracurium

A

Laudanosine

23
Q

Alternative for Atracurium

A

Cistracurium

24
Q

High Histamine release

A

Tubocurarine

25
Q

Alternative for Tubocurarine

A

Cisatracurium
Rocuronium
Vecuronium

26
Q

A/Es of Succinylcholine

A

Increase K levels
Apnea
Malignant hyerthermia

27
Q

Treatment for Malignant Hyperthermia

A

Dantrolene

Pharmacology (26 decks)

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