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MK ACVD Exam > Parasitology > Flashcards

Parasitology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name of this canine parasite?

A

Trichodectes canis (biting louse, may serve as vector for Dipylidium caninim tapeworm)

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2
Q

What is the name of this feline parasite?

A

Notoedres cati

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3
Q

What is the name of this canine parasite?

A

Linognathus setosus (sucking louse; first pair of tarsal claws are smaller than the second and third)

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4
Q

What is the name of this canine parasite?

A

Ctenocephalides felis

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5
Q

What canine intestinal parasite indicates the presence of fleas?

A

Dipylidium caninum

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6
Q

What canine intestinal parasite can be fatal to humans?

A

Echinococcus granulosus (tapeworm, can be fatal if in the alveoli)

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7
Q

What is the name of this canine/feline parasite?

A

Cuterebra

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8
Q

What is the name of this canine parasite?

A

Sarcoptes scabiei (long, unjointed pedicles)

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9
Q

What is the name of this canine parasite?

A

Demodex canis

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10
Q

What is the name of this feline parasite?

A

Otodectes cynotis

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11
Q

What is the name of this feline parasite?

A

Cheyletiella blakei (no strong host specificity, non-burrowing, highly contagious, survives off host longer than any other mange mite)

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12
Q

What is the name of this canine parasite?

A

Rhipicephalus sanguineus (brown dog tick)

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13
Q

What diseases can Rhipicephalus transmit?

A

Babesia canis, Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys

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14
Q

What canine nematode causes “creeping eruptions” in humans?

A

Ancylostoma caninum (cutaneous larval migrans)

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15
Q

Which 2 canine nematodes can cause parasitic pododermatitis in dogs?

A

Ancylostoma caninum
Uncinaria stenocephala
(hookworms)

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16
Q

What is the name of this canine nasal parasite?

A

Pneumonyssoides caninum

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17
Q

What is the name of this parasite found in cats and dogs?

A

Chiggers (only 3 pairs of legs)

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18
Q

Which rodent and bird mite is occasionally found on cats and dogs?

A

Ornithonyssus spp

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19
Q

Which feline nematode causes parasitic pododermatitis in cats & cutaneous larva migrans in humans?

A

Ancylostoma tubaeforme

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20
Q

What is the name of this bovine parasite?

A

Damalinia (Bovicola) bovis

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21
Q

Which bovine nematode can cause parasitic dermatitis of the distal extremities in cattle?

A

Bunostomum phlebotomum (hookworm)

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22
Q

Which bovine nematode can cause parasitic dermatitis of the ventrum in cattle? And what is its vector?

A

Stephanofilaria stilesi (brisket worm), vector: horn flies (Haematobia irritans)

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23
Q

Which bovine nematode can cause nodular dermatitis in cattle?

A

Onchocerca spp (insect vector)

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24
Q

Which nematode causes ‘sore head’ in sheep?

A

Elaeophora schneideri (common parasite of mule deer in western US)

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25
Q

Which flies cause ‘grubs’ in cattle?

A

Hypoderma lineatum and Hypoderma bovis (Fly lays eggs on hair -> larvae migrate through flesh to -> esophagus (H. lineatum)/ spinal column (H. bovis) -> finally migrate to the skin on the back, grub (L3) up to 3cm long)

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26
Q

Which larvae cause screwworm in cattle and other livestock?

A

Cochliomyia hominivorax (New world Screw-worm)
–REPORTABLE in the US
–Usually occurs in southern Texas only
–Highly pathogenic to all livestock!
–Send larvae to state diagnostic laboratory
–Prevention: release of sterile male flies

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27
Q

What is the cause of ‘blowfly strike’ in sheep?

A

Larvae of Lucilia, Phormia, and Calliphora flies
–Fly lays eggs in wet/dirty/rotting wool -> larvae, up to 1.5 cm long
–Important factors: number of flies & susceptibility of host
–Prevention: hygiene

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27
Q

What is the name of this bovine parasite?

A

Haematopinus eurysternus

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27
Q

What is the name of this bovine parasite?

A

Damalinia (Bovicola) bovis

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28
Q

What is the name of this bovine parasite?

A

Linognathus vituli
(long-nosed sucking louse)

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29
Q

What is the name of this bovine parasite?

A

Psoroptes spp
–Cattle, sheep, goat
–REPORTABLE in cattle & sheep in some US states
–Very contagious

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30
Q

What is the name of this bovine parasite?

A

Sarcoptes scabiei
–Cattle, sheep
–REPORTABLE in cattle in some US states
–Very contagious
(Sarcoptes vs. Psoroptes: both have long pretarsi but Sarcoptes are not jointed)

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31
Q

What is the name of this bovine parasite?

A

Chorioptes
–Cattle, sheep, goat
–REPORTABLE in cattle in some US states
–Causes tail or foot mange
(these can be differentiated from Psoroptes in that Chorioptes pretarsi are short and non-jointed with a bell-shaped sucker)

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32
Q

What is the name of this ovine parasite?

A

Psorergates sp.
–Cattle, sheep
–Rare
–Smaller than most mites
–Infection spreads very slowly

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33
Q

What is the name of this ovine parasite?

A

Melophagus ovinus (‘sheep ked’)

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34
Q

What is the name of this llama parasite?

A

Damalinia (Bovicola) sp

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35
Q

What is the name of this camelid parasite?

A

Microthoracius sp. (Sucking louse)

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36
Q

What is the name of this llama parasite?

A

Sarcoptes scabiei

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37
Q

Which equine nematode places its eggs on the skin in the perianal area?

A

Oxyuris equi (pinworm)

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38
Q

Which equine nematode can cause ulcerated papules and nodules ?

A

Habronema (“summer sores”)

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39
Q

What is the name of this porcine parasite?

A

Haematopinus suis (“hog louse”)
–Irritation, anemia
–Transmits Eperythrozoon suis (Rickettsia) & swine pox
–All tarsal claws are of equal size

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40
Q

What is the name of this porcine parasite?

A

Sarcoptes scabiei

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41
Q

What is the cause of ‘swimmer’s itch’ in humans?

A

Trichobilharzia spp.
–Adult schistosomes are vein parasites of birds -> eggs are shed in feces and urine -> miracidium hatches upon water contact -> needs fresh water snail -> emerges from snail as cercaria-> this form can penetrate skin of humans, dogs, rabbits, raccoons-> migrates to lung, liver -> maturation-> adults go to mesenteric veins

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42
Q

What is the name of this bird parasite?

A

Knemidocoptes mutans
(scaly leg mite)

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43
Q

What is the name of this bird parasite?

A

Dermanyssus gallinae (feather mite)

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44
Q

What is the name of this bird parasite?

A

Argas persicus (soft tick)

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45
Q

What is the name of this hedgehog parasite?

A

Otodectes cynotis

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46
Q

What is the name of this hedgehog parasite?

A

Ornithonyssus sp.

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47
Q

What is the name of this rabbit parasite?

A

Cheyletiella parasitovorax

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48
Q

What is the name of this rabbit parasite?

A

Leporacarus gibbus (formerly Listrophorus gibbus)
(fur mite)
Treatments: Selamectin, Advantage, Ivermectin

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49
Q

What is the name of this mouse parasite?

A

Polyplax serrata (sucking louse)

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50
Q

What is the name of this mouse parasite?

A

Myocoptes musculinus (hair-clasping mite)

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51
Q

What is the name of this guinea pig parasite?

A

Gliricola porcelli (chewing louse)

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52
Q

What is the name of this guinea pig parasite?

A

Trixacarus caviae (sarcoptic mange mite)

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53
Q

What is the name of this ferret parasite?

A

Otodectes cynotis

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54
Q

What is the name of this guinea pig parasite?

A

Chirodiscoides caviae

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55
Q

What is the name of this bighorn sheep parasite?

A

Psoroptes ovis

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56
Q

What is the name of this human parasite?

A

Pediculus humanus (body or head louse)

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57
Q

What is the name of this human parasite?

A

Pthirus pubis

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58
Q

What is the common name and life cycle of Amblyomma americanum?

A

Lone star tick

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59
Q

What is the common name and life cycle of Dermacentor variabilis?

A

American Dog tick

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60
Q

What is the life cycle of Ixodes spp?

A
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61
Q

What is the name of this guinea pig parasite?

A

Chirodiscoides caviae (Guinea pig fur mite)

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62
Q

What is the name of this guinea pig parasite?

A

Gliricola porcelli

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63
Q

What is the name of this mouse parasite?

A

Myocoptes musculinus (hair-clasping mite)

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64
Q

What is the name of this mouse parasite?

A

Myobia musculi (hair-clasping mite)

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65
Q

What is the name of this feline parasite?

A

Otodectes cynotis

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66
Q

What is the name of this guinea pig parasite?

A

Trixacarus caviae

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67
Q

What is the name of this canine parasite?

A

Cheyletiella yasguri

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68
Q

What is the name of this rabbit parasite?

A

Leporacarus gibbus (non-burrowing rabbit fur mite)

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69
Q

What is the name of this feline parasite?

A

Lynxacarus radovskyi (hair-clasping mite)

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70
Q

What is the name of this parasite?

A

Chigger (Trombicula splendens)

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71
Q

What is the name of this nocturnal avian parasite?

A

Dermanyssus gallinae (red bird mite)

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72
Q

What is the name of this common avian parasite?

A

Ornithonyssus sylvarium (most common poultry mite, spends entire LC on host)

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73
Q

What is the name of this small animal parasite?

A

Otobius megnini (spinous ear tick)

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74
Q

What is the name of this poultry parasite?

A

Argas persicus (soft tick)

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75
Q

What is the name of this equine parasite?

A

Damalinia (Bovicola) equi

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76
Q

What is the name of this canine parasite?

A

Trichodectes canis

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77
Q

What is the name of this guinea pig parasite?

A

Gliricola porcelli

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78
Q

What is the name of this equine parasite?

A

Haematopinus asini

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79
Q

What is the name of this bovine parasite?

A

Haematopinus eurysternus

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80
Q

What is the name of this bovine parasite?

A

Linognathus vituli

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81
Q

What is the name of this bovine parasite?

A

Solenopotes capillatus (sucking louse)

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82
Q

What is the name of this porcine parasite?

A

Haematopinus suis

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83
Q

What is the name of this rat parasite?

A

Polyplax spinulosa (sucking louse)

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84
Q

What is the name of this canine parasite?

A

Linognathus setosus

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85
Q

What is the name of this bovine parasite?

A

Solenopotes capillatus (characterized by spiracles on the sides)

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86
Q

What is the name of this ovine parasite?

A

Melophagus ovinus (sheep ked)

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87
Q

What is the name of this human parasite?

A

Bed bug (Cimex lectularius)

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88
Q

What is the name of this human parasite?

A

Pthirus pubis

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89
Q

What is the name of this canine parasite?

A

Demodex injai

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90
Q

What is the name of this feline parasite?

A

Demodex cati

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91
Q

What is the name of this feline parasite?

A

Demodex gatoi

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92
Q

What is the name of this feline parasite?

A

Cheyletiella blakei

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93
Q

What is the name of this feline parasite?

A

Otodectes cynotis

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94
Q

What is the name of this feline parasite?

A

Lynxacarus radovskyi (hair-clasping mite)

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95
Q

What is the name of this feline parasite?

A

Felicola subrostratus (cat chewing louse)

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96
Q

What is the name of this feline parasite?

A

Cuterebra larva

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97
Q

What free-living nematode can cause parasitic folliculitis in dogs?

A

Pelodera strongyloides larvae

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98
Q

What equine parasite can affect 20-100% of a given population?

A

Onchocerca cervicalis

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99
Q

The adults of which equine parasite live in the nuchal ligament?

A

Onchocerca cervicalis

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100
Q

What is the vector for Onchocerca?

A

Culicoides

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101
Q

What nematode can cause parasitic panniculitis in dogs?

A

Dracunculus insignis, Dracunculus edinensis
(this is the worm on the vet med symbol)

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102
Q

Which parasite is the cause of equine ulcerative cutaneous granulomas?

A

Larvae of Habronema

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103
Q

What is the life cycle of Habronema?

A

Adults live in horse’s stomach –> pass eggs and larvae in feces –> eggs/larvae ingested by fly maggots –> flies deposit larvae in horse wounds –> life cycle completed when larvae deposited near the mouth are swallowed

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104
Q

What is the name of this honey bee mite?

A

Varroa jacobsoni

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105
Q

What is the name of this gerbil parasite?

A

Demodex merioni

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106
Q

What is the name of this mouse parasite?

A

Myobia musculi (first pair of legs is modified for clasping so it can look like they only have 3 pairs of legs)

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107
Q

What is the name of this mouse parasite?

A

Radfordia affinis (hair-clasping mite, looks a lot like Myobia musculi)

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108
Q

What is the name of this mouse parasite?

A

Myocoptes musculinus

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109
Q

What is the name of this mouse parasite?

A

Psorergates simplex

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110
Q

What is the name of this mouse parasite?

A

Polyplax serrata (the only mouse louse)

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111
Q

What is the name of this rabbit parasite?

A

Haemaphysalis leporis-palustris (continental rabbit tick)

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112
Q

What is the name of this rabbit flea?

A

Echidnophaga gallinacea (sticktight flea, also found in poultry and dogs; no genal or pronatal combs; angular head)

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113
Q

Which mite can cause severe head and/or leg lesions in parakeets?

A

Knemidocoptes pilae (vs. K. mutans in chickens and turkeys)

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114
Q

What is the name of this nocturnal bird parasite?

A

Dermanyssus gallinae (red bird mite, hides in environment during the day)

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115
Q

What is the name of this ferret parasite?

A

Otodectes cynotis

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116
Q

What is the name of this guinea pig parasite?

A

Chirodiscoides caviae (guinea pig fur mite, hair-clasping mite)

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117
Q

What is the name of this mouse parasite?

A

Polyplax serrata (sucking mouse louse)

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117
Q

What is the name of this guinea pig parasite?

A

Gliricola porcelli (guinea pig louse)

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118
Q

What is the name of this rabbit parasite?

A

Psoroptes cuniculi

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119
Q

What is the name of this rabbit parasite?

A

Spilopsyllus cuniculi (sticktight flea, rabbit flea; vector for Myxomatosis)

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120
Q

What is the name of this rabbit parasite?

A

Listrophorus gibbus (non-burrowing fur mite; aka Leporacarus gibbus)

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121
Q

What is the name of this rat parasite?

A

Polyplax spinulosa (spined rat louse)

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122
Q

What is the name of this rat parasite?

A

Notoedres muris (ear mange mite – looks like Sarcoptes but has a dorsal anus)

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123
Q

What is the name of this canine parasite?

A

Sarcoptes scabiei

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124
Q

What is the name of this canine parasite?

A

Cheyletiella yasguri

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125
Q

What is the name of this canine parasite?

A

Trichodectes canis (chewing louse)

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126
Q

What is the name of this canine parasite?

A

Linognathus setosus (sucking louse)

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127
Q

What is the name of this canine parasite seen on skin scrape from the ventrum?

A

Pelodera strongyloides (causes parasitic folliculitis)

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128
Q

Which novel nematode was isolated from the dermis of a group of dogs in the western US?

A

Acanthocheilonema sp. (pruritic nodules, plaques, and ulcers on head/neck/back/shoulders)

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129
Q

What is the name of this canine parasite?

A

Neotrombicula autumnalis (harvest mite/chigger)

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130
Q

What is the name of this canine (also: raccoon, mink, fox, skunk) parasite?

A

Dracunculus insignis (intermediate host: small crustaceans)

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131
Q

What is the name of this bovine parasite?

A

Chorioptes bovis

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132
Q

What is the name of this bovine parasite (jointed pedicles)?

A

Psoroptes bovis/ovis

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133
Q

What is the name of this bovine parasite?

A

Sarcoptes scabiei var. bovis

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134
Q

What is the name of this bovine parasite?

A

Demodex bovis

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135
Q

What bovine nematode can cause ventral parasitic dermatitis?

A

Stephanofilaria stilesi

136
Q

What blood-sucking insect likes to cluster in the perineal and inguinal areas in bovines?

A

Hippobosca equina (Forest fly)

137
Q

What is the cause of “cattle grubs”?

A

Larvae of Hypoderma bovis and H. lineatum

138
Q

Which bovine parasite causes bleeding SQ nodules?

A

Parafilaria bovicola

139
Q

Which bovine parasite causes parasitic folliculitis?

A

Pelodera strongyloides larvae

140
Q

What is the name of this caprine parasite?

A

Chorioptes caprae

141
Q

What is the name of this caprine parasite?

A

Psoroptes caprae

142
Q

What is the name of this caprine parasite?

A

Demodex caprae

143
Q

What is the name of this caprine parasite?

A

Damalinia caprae/crassiceps/limbata

144
Q

What is the name of this caprine parasite?

A

Linognathus stenopsis/africanus (sucking louse)

145
Q

Which parasite causes linear, vertically oriented ulcerations and crusts in goats?

A

Larvae of Parelaphostrongylus tenuis (lesions caused by self-trauma, intermediate host is slug/snail)

146
Q

What is the name of this ovine parasite?

A

Chorioptes ovis

147
Q

What is the name of this ovine parasite?

A

Psoroptes ovis (sometimes also P. cuniculi)

148
Q

What is the name of this ovine parasite?

A

Damalinia ovis

149
Q

What is the name of this ovine parasite?

A

Linognathus ovillis/pedalis (face louse/foot louse)

150
Q

What is the name of this porcine parasite?

A

Sarcoptes scabiei var suis (most important porcine skin disease worldwide)

151
Q

What is the name of this large animal parasite?

A

Psoroptes (Long, jointed pedicles, reportable in cows and sheep)

152
Q

What is the name of this large animal parasite?

A

Chorioptes (short pedicles, reportable in sheep)

153
Q

What is the difference between Otodectes/Chorioptes and Psoroptes mite pretarsi?

A

Otodectes/Chorioptes pretarsi has a short pedicle
Psoroptes pretarsi have a long jointed pedicle

154
Q

What is the name of this large animal parasite?

A

Sarcoptes scabiei (long, unjointed pedicles, reportable in sheep and cows)

155
Q

What is the name of this large animal parasite?

A

Psororgates simplex (reportable in sheep)

156
Q

What is the name of these equine parasites?

A

Damalinia equi + Haematopinus asini

157
Q

What is the name of this porcine parasite?

A

Haematopinus suis

158
Q

What are the names of these bovine parasites?

A

Damalinia bovis
Haematopinus eurysternus
Linognathus vituli

159
Q

What are the names of these ovine parasites?

A

Damalinia ovis
Linognathus pedalis
Linognathus africanus

160
Q

What is the name of this goat and sheep parasite?

A

Melophagus ovinus (sheep ticks; ked)

161
Q

What nematode causes an often ventrally-oriented dermatitis in cattle and goats?

A

Stephanofilaria stilesi (adults live in cyst-like structures at the base of hair follicles, microfilaria found in surrounding dermis and lymphatics)

162
Q

What nematode causes parasitic folliculitis in cattle, sheep, and horses?

A

Pelodera strongyloides

163
Q

What is the name of this equine parasite?

A

Psoroptes equi/natalensis/ovis/cuniculi (all can parasitize horses)

164
Q

What is the name of this equine parasite?

A

Sarcoptes scabiei

165
Q

What is the name of this equine parasite?

A

Chorioptes equi

166
Q

What is the name of this equine parasite?

A

Demodex equi (D. caballi is longer)

167
Q

What is the name of this equine parasite?

A

Chigger (Trombicula alfreddugesi, splendens, autumnalis, sarcina)

168
Q

What is the name of this equine parasite?

A

Dermanyssus gallinae (poultry mite)

169
Q

What is the name of this equine parasite?

A

Damalinia equi

170
Q

What is the name of this equine parasite?

A

Haematopinus asini

171
Q

What is the name of this insect?

A

Culicoides (vector for Onchocerca cervicalis)

172
Q

What insects are mainly involved in seasonal equine midline dermatitis?

A

Culicoides spp. and Haematobia irritans

173
Q

What is the cause of this equine dermatitis?

A

Bot flies (Gasterophilus)

174
Q

What is the cause of equine “Warbles” or “grubs”?

A

Larvae of Hypoderma bovis and lineatum

175
Q

What parasite is the cause of equine ulcerative cutaneous granulomas?

A

Larvae of Habronema muscae/majus/megastoma

176
Q

Which equine parasite can affect 20-100% of a given population?

A

Onchocerca cervicalis (highest numbers during spring, lowest in winter)

177
Q

Which equine nematode can cause anal pruritus?

A

Oxyuris equi (pin worm)

178
Q

Which free-living nematode can cause parasitic folliculitis in horses?

A

Larvae of Pelodera strongyloides

179
Q

In which equine nematode-caused papular to nodular dermatitis are only adult females, microfilariae, and eggs found in the dermis?

A

Halicephalobus deletrix

180
Q

What is the name of this sheep parasite?

A

Melophagus ovinus (sheep ked)

181
Q

What is the name of this cattle parasite?

A

Haematopinus eurysternus (sucking louse, all tarsal claws of equal size)

182
Q

What is the name of this swine parasite?

A

Haematopinus suis (sucking louse)

183
Q

What is the name of this horse parasite?

A

Haematopinus asini (sucking louse)

184
Q

What is the name of this cattle parasite?

A

Linognathus vituli (sucking louse)

185
Q

What is the name of this dog and fox parasite?

A

Linognathus setosus (sucking louse)

186
Q

What is the name of this cattle parasite?

A

Solenopotes capillatus (sucking louse)

187
Q

What is the name of this mouse parasite?

A

Polyplax serrata (sucking louse)

188
Q

What is the name of this human parasite?

A

Pthirus pubis (crab louse=”crabs”; sucking louse)

189
Q

What is the name of this human parasite?

A

Pediculus humanus capitis (head louse; sucking louse)

190
Q

What is the name of this goat parasite?

A

Damalinia crassipes (Chewing louse)

191
Q

What is the name of this dog parasite?

A

Trichodectes canis (chewing louse; can serve as intermediate host for Dipylidium caninum)

192
Q

What is the name of this cat parasite?

A

Felicola subrostratus (Chewing louse)

193
Q

What is the name of this guinea pig parasite?

A

Gliricola porcelli (Chewing louse)

194
Q

What is the name of this human parasite?

A

Pulex irritans (human flea)

195
Q

Which flea may be found firmly attached in clusters on chickens’ heads and eyelids of dogs and cats?

A

Echidnophaga gallinacea (poultry sticktight flea)

196
Q

What is the name of this rat flea and which diseases may it transmit?

A

Xenopsylla, vector for Yersinia pestis and Rickettsia typhi

197
Q

What is the name of this parasite?

A

Ctenocephalides

198
Q

Which flea can cause these lesions?

A

Tunga penetrans

199
Q

What is the name of this nocturnal and secretive bloodsucker of humans, chickens, bats, and nesting birds?

A

Cimex lectularius (bed bug)

200
Q

What is the name of this tick?

A

Argas (soft tick, rarely found on host)

201
Q

What is the name of this tick?

A

Ornithodoros (soft tick)

202
Q

What is the name of this tick?

A

Amblyomma americanum (Lone star tick, can cause tick paralysis; vector for RMSF, Ehrlichia, Francisella tularensis)

203
Q

What is the name of this dog tick?

A

Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Brown dog tick; vector for Ehrlichia, ANaplasma, Babesia)

204
Q

What is the name of this tick?

A

Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick; vector for RMSF, Francisella tularensis, Cytauxzoon felis, Babesia; can cause tick paralysis)

205
Q

What is the name of this tick?

A

Ixodes scapularis (blacklegged tick; vector for Lyme disease, Babesia, can cause tick paralysis)

206
Q

What is the name of this bird mite?

A

Ornithonyssus sylvarium

207
Q

What is the name of this mite found in the ear canals of cattle?

A

Raillietia auris

208
Q

Which groups of mites do these pretarsi belong to?

A

Sarcoptes (long, unjointed)
Psoroptes (long, jointed)
Otodectes (short)
Chorioptes (short)

209
Q

What is the name of this parasite?

A

Sarcoptes scabiei

210
Q

What is the name of this feline parasite?

A

Notoedres cati

211
Q

What is the name of this chicken parasite?

A

Knemidocoptes mutans

212
Q

What is the name of this parasite of sheep, cattle, and horses?

A

Psoroptes ovis

213
Q

What is the name of this parasite of sheep and rabbits?

A

Psoroptes (P. ovis, P. cuniculi)

214
Q

What is the name of this bovine parasite?

A

Chorioptes bovis

215
Q

What is the name of this cat, dog, fox, and ferret parasite?

A

Otodectes cynotis

216
Q

What is the name of this guinea pig parasite?

A

Chirodiscoides caviae

217
Q

What is the name of this hair-clasping rodent parasite?

A

Myocoptes musculinus (male on L, female on R)

218
Q

What is the name of this hair-clasping feline parasite?

A

Lynxacarus radovskyi

219
Q

What are the names of these parasites?

A

Demodex canis, Demodex cati

220
Q

What is the name of this hair-clasping rodent parasite?

A

Myobia musculi

221
Q

What is the name of this parasite?

A

Chiggers, Trombiculidae

222
Q

Which parasite can cause organ lesions like this one?

A

Hydatid cysts of Echinococcus granulosus and E. multilocularis
(cysts develop in intermediate hosts: humans, sheep, swine, cattle, horses
definite hosts are dog, wolf, fox, coyote, dingo)

223
Q

What is the name of this rabbit parasite?

A

Leporacarus gibbus (hair-clasping mite)

224
Q

What is the name of this rat parasite?

A

Polyplax spinulosa (sucking louse)

225
Q

What is the name of this parasite found in cat and dog ears?

A

Otobius megnini (spinous ear tick; only larvae and nymphs parasitize ear canals)

226
Q

What is the name of this nocturnal poultry parasite?

A

Dermanyssus gallinae

227
Q

What is the name of this feline parasite?

A

Lynxacarus radovskyi (cat fur mite)

228
Q

What are the names of these parasites?

A

Eutrombicula alfreddugesi
Walchia americana
Neotrombicula autumnalis

229
Q

What is the name of this feline parasite?

A

Otodectes cynotis

230
Q

What is the name of this parasite and which animals does it affect?

A

A=Cheyletiella yasguri (dog)
B=Cheyletiella blakei (cat)
C=Cheyletiella parasitovorax (rabbit)

231
Q

What is the name of this canine parasite?

A

Cheyletiella yasguri

232
Q

What is the name of this canine parasite?

A

Demodex canis (adult, larva, nymph, egg)

233
Q

What are the names of these feline parasites?

A

A+B= Demodex cati
C+D= Demodex gatoi

234
Q

What is the name of this canine parasite?

A

Sarcopes scabiei

235
Q

What is the name of this feline parasite?

A

Notoedres cati

236
Q

What is the name of this canine parasite?

A

Linognathus setosus (sucking louse)

237
Q

What is the name of this feline parasite?

A

Felicola subrostratus (chewing louse)

238
Q

What are the names of these canine parasites?

A

Trichodectes canis (chewing louse)
Heterodoxus spininger (chewing louse)
Linognathus setosus (sucking louse)

239
Q

Which biting flies can cause these lesions on a dog?

A

Simuliidae spp. (Black flies)

240
Q

What is the name of this insect?

A

Thaumetopoea spp (bristles contain thaumatopine –> mast cell degranulation)

241
Q

What is the name of this guinea pig parasite?

A

Trixacarus caviae

242
Q

What is the name of this guinea pig parasite?

A

Chirodiscoides caviae

243
Q

What is the name of this guinea pig parasite?

A

Gliricola porcelli (Chewing louse)

244
Q

What is the name of this guinea pig parasite?

A

Demodex caviae

245
Q

What are the names of these mouse parasites?

A

Myobia musculi
Myocoptes musculinus

246
Q

What is the name of this rabbit parasite?

A

Leporacarus gibbus (Listrophorus gibbus; fur mite)

247
Q

What is the name of this hamster parasite?

A

Demodex aurati (D. criceti is shorter)

248
Q

Which species of cat Demodex lives in the hair follicle in cats?

A

D. cati

249
Q

Which species of cat Demodex lives in the stratum corneum?

A

D. gatoi

250
Q

Which species of cat Demodex is short-bodied?

A

D. gatoi

251
Q

What is the name of the Demodex mite in pigs?

A

D. phylloides

252
Q

Which is the short-bodied Demodex in horses?

A

D. equi

253
Q

Which is the long-bodied Demodex in horses?

A

D. caballi

254
Q

On what part of the body would you typically find D. caballi in horses?

A

Eyelid and muzzle

255
Q

What is the long-bodied Demodex mite in cows?

A

D. ghanensis

256
Q

What is the short-bodied Demodex mite in cows?

A

D. bovis

257
Q

What is the short-bodied Demodex mite in hamsters?

A

D. criceti

258
Q

What is the long-bodied Demodex mite in hamsters?

A

D. aurati

259
Q

What is the name of the Demodex mite in gerbils?

A

D. merioni

260
Q

What species of flea has genal and pronotal combs and a rounded head?

A

Ctenocephalides canis

261
Q

What species of flea has genal and pronotal combs and a flat head?

A

Ctenocephalides felis

262
Q

What 3 species of flea have no genal or pronotal combs?

A

Echidnophaga gallinacea (sticktight flea)
Pulex irritans (human flea)
Xenopsylla ceopis (Oriental rat flea)

263
Q

What is the name of the cattle stable fly?

A

Stomoxys calcitrans

264
Q

What is the name of the horse fly?

A

Tabanus spp. (can transmit Anaplasmosis)

265
Q

What is this bird parasite?

A

Menacanthus straminueus (avian body louse)

266
Q

What is this poultry parasite?

A

Menopon gallinae

267
Q

What is this parasite of pigeons?

A

Columbicola columbae (slender pigeon louse)

268
Q

What is this parasite?

A

Pulex irritans (no genal or pronotal combs)

269
Q

Describe the flea life cycle

A
270
Q

What is the name of this bird parasite?

A

Goniocotes (chewing louse)

271
Q

Do birds have sucking lice?

A

No

272
Q

What is the name of this bird parasite?

A

Protalges sp. (feather mite)

273
Q

What is the name of this deer parasite?

A

Linognathus africanus (sucking louse)

274
Q

What is the name of this deer parasite?

A

Lipotena sp. (deer ked)

275
Q

What is the name of this bear parasite?

A

Ursicoptes americanus (mange mite)

276
Q

What is the name of these rodent parasites?

A

Larval ticks (Dermacentor sp.)

277
Q

What is the name of this wildlife parasite?

A

Chigger (Trombicula sp.)

278
Q

What is the name of this hedgehog parasite?

A

Achaeopsylla erinacei (hedgehog flea)

279
Q

What nematode larvae can cause blistering dermatitis on the hands and feet of humans and monkeys?

A

Anatrichosoma cutaneum

280
Q

What caprine parasite causes nodules on the dorsum?

A

Larvae of Przhevalskiana silenius (Hypoderma silenius, warbles)

281
Q

What type of skin scrape should be done to diagnose D. gatoi?

A

Superficial

282
Q

What type of skin scrape should be done to diagnose D. cati?

A

Deep

283
Q

What type of skin scrape should be done to diagnose Notoedres?

A

Superficial

284
Q

What type of Demodex can be particularly hard to find in cats?

A

D. gatoi

285
Q

How can flea allergy dermatitis be effectively diagnosed?

A

Institution of 9-12 weeks of flea control

286
Q

How long after feeding can fleas start to lay eggs?

A

48 hours

287
Q

How many eggs per day do fleas lay on average?

A

27 eggs/day (can be as high as 50/day)

288
Q

Once flea eggs fall off the host, how long does it take to hatch (assuming optimal conditions)?

A

1-6 days

289
Q

How long do fleas spend in the pupal stage?

A

At least 13 days, usually about 3-5 weeks (can be as long as 140 days)

289
Q

How long does it take flea larvae to form cocoons (assuming optimal conditions)

A

8 days

290
Q

What 2 genera are stable flies part of?

A

Stomoxys
Haematobia

291
Q

Where do mosquitoes and Culicoides breed?

A

Standing water

292
Q

What is the most common Culicoides species affecting horses in North America?

A

C. obsoletus

293
Q

True or false: house dust mites prefer low humidity

A

False - they prefer high humidity

294
Q

What are the major allergens of Sarcoptes scabiei?

A

Tropomyosin (Sar s 10)
Paramyosin (Sar s 11)

295
Q

What parasite may increase sensitization to Der f allergens in dogs?

A

Toxocara

296
Q

What constituent of bee venom is lacking in wasp venom?

A

Melittin (causes mast cell degranulation)

297
Q

Is Sarcoptes scabiei reportable in horses in the US?

A

Yes

298
Q

What two fly species are responsible for equine ventral midline dermatitis?

A

Haematobia
Culicoides

299
Q

What is the distribution pattern of chewing lice in horses?

A

Head
Mane
Base of tail

300
Q

What is the distribution of sucking lice in horses?

A

Head
Neck
Fetlock

301
Q

What fly species serve as vectors/intermediate hosts for Parafilaria?

A

Haematobia
Musca

302
Q

What fly species serves as intermediate hosts for Onchocerciasis?

A

Simulium
Culicoides

303
Q

What fly species serve as intermediate hosts for dermatobiasis?

A

Simulium
Stomoxys

304
Q

What fly species serve as intermediate hosts for habronemiasis?

A

Musca
Stomoxys

305
Q

Biopsy from this horse reveals multifocal areas of discrete coagulation necrosis with palisading granulomas. What is the likely cause?

A

Habronemiasis

306
Q

What is the causative agent of rhabditic dermatitis in horses?

A

Pelodera strongyloides

307
Q

What disease does Melophagus ovinus transmit?

A

Bluetongue virus (orbivirus)

308
Q

Which genus yields the most economically-damaging form of cutaneous calliphorine myiasis in sheep?

A

Lucilia

309
Q

A 3-year-old range Angus bull presents with alopecia, erythema, crusting, and lichenification along the ventral midline in mid-June. The bull is moderately pruritic and painful on testicular palpation. What is your top differential?

A

Stephanofilariasis
–common in summer in range beef cattle
–orchitis, mastitis, skin lesions

310
Q

What causes trombiculiasis?

A

Chiggers

311
Q

What time of year is Psoroptes seen most commonly?

A

Winter

312
Q

True or false: This mite is NOT reportable in cattle

A

False- Psoroptes is reportable

313
Q

What occurs to Hippobosca maculata and Hippobosca equina adults once they have infested cattle/horses?

A

The adult sheds its wings and burrows into the skin

314
Q

What time of year is Hippobosca maculata and Hippobosca equina parasite burden highest?

A

Summer (louse flies)

315
Q

True or false: The Chorioptes bovis life cycle is entirely on the host

A

True

316
Q

Where are you most likely to note lesions associated with a Psoroptes bovis infestation in goats?

A

Ears
Face
Interdigital
Pastern

317
Q

What is the sucking louse of goats?

A

Linognathus stenopsis

318
Q

What genus of hypodermiasis (warbles) is most common in goats?

A

Przhevalskiana silenus

319
Q

Which life cycle stage emerges from the central pore in hypodermiasis?

A

L3

320
Q

How do goats become infected with Paralaphostrongylus tenuis?

A

Ingest snail/slug

321
Q

What animal is the definitive host of Paralaphostrongylus tenuis?

A

White-tailed deer

322
Q

Which organism is responsible for “gotch ear,” most commonly in cattle but also described in goats?

A

Amblyomma maculatum (Gulf Coast tick)

323
Q

A 2 yo, MN, Labrador Retriever is presented with multiple, chronic, ulcerative, and pruritic nodules on his abdomen and limbs. Several nodules have central draining tracts. Exfoliative cytology from a draining tract reveals larvae with long tapered tails (photo) and predominately pyogranulomatous and eosinophilic inflammation. How did he acquire this parasite?

A

Swimming in contaminated water (Dracunculus insignis)

324
Q

Which ectoparasite is known to hide in the nostrils of cats?

A

Cheyletiella blakei

325
Q

How is D. injai diagnosed?

A

Deep skin scrape

326
Q

A dog presents with severely pruritic, ventrally distributed papular dermatitis. No organisms are seen on cytology nor skin scrapings. Histopathology reveals perivascular to interstitial eosinophilic dermatitis with multifocal epidermal edema, exocytosis, degeneration, and necrosis. What is your diagnosis?

A

Sarcoptes scabiei (“epidermal nibbles”)

327
Q

What part of the body is typically affected by Spilopsyllus cuniculi in rabbits?

A

Pinnae and preauricular areas
(Rabbit flea)

328
Q

What animals does Ornithonyssus prefer?

A

Birds
rodents

329
Q

A young budgerigar presents to you with a scaly face and legs as well as a malformed beak. The owner reports that she just acquired the bird from a local bird sanctuary where he was housed with other birds. What is the treatment of choice for this bird?

A

Ivermectin (oral/topical/injectable)
–scaly face in budgie is pathognomic for Knemidocoptes
–need to treat all in-contact birds

330
Q

An owner calls the clinic to report that the white cover she uses over her chicken coop at night had a bunch of tiny dark red/black dots on it this morning when she took it off for the day. She wants to know how to treat it- what do you recommend?

A

Any insecticidal dip/bath/spray (treat animals and environment!)
–Dermanyssus gallinae
–Organophosphates, ExZolt (fluralaner), Permethrins

331
Q

What parasiticide is toxic to chelonians?

A

Ivermectin

332
Q

What parasiticide is toxic to birds?

A

Imidacloprid

333
Q

True or false: Trixacarus caviae can be ruled out if a guinea pig’s cage mate is asymptomatic

A

False

334
Q

What clinical sign do rats sometimes present with when affected by Notoedres muris that hamsters do not?

A

Nasal horns

335
Q

In which species should you avoid fipronil?

A

Rabbits
Hedgehogs

336
Q

How should Psoroptes cuniculi be treated in rabbits?

A

Ivermectin or selamectin

337
Q

What is the most common tick to parasitize rabbits?

A

Haemaphysalis leporispalustris

338
Q

What is the name of this fish parasite?

A

Gyrodactylus (salmon fluke)
–Tx: praziquantel

339
Q

What is the cause of white spot disease in fish?

A

Ichthyophthirius multifiliis

340
Q

What parasite causes atrophy of the tongue in marine fish?

A

Cymothoa exigua

MK ACVD Exam (18 decks)

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