Parasites: Protozoa of the Intestinal Tract Flashcards
List the protozoa of the Intestinal Tract
- Giardia Lambia
- Entamoeba Histolytica
- Cryptosporidium Spp.
Giardia Lamblia transmission is
fecal-oral
Giardia lamblia forms
infectious cysts that are passed through stool
Giardia lamblia infection is associated with
hikers and campers
Giardia lamblia is transmitted through
poorly purified drinking water
giardiasis often presents with
foul-smelling, non-bloody, frothy diarrhea
giardiasis can cause
malabsorption, which may lead to steatorrhea (fatty diarrhea)
the flagellated trophozoites of Giardia lamblia have a
distinctive pear-shaped morphology
the presence of Giardia lamblia trophozoites in the stool is diagnostic of
giardiasis
What is diagnostic of giardiasis
the presence of Giardia lamblia trophozoites in the stool is diagnostic of giardiasis
a stool O&P (microscopic examination of the feces to detect the presence of ova and parasites) can be used to diagnose
giardiasis
diagnosis of giardiasis can be done by detection of stool antigen with an
ELISA
_____________ is effective against Giardia lamblia
metronidazole
Entamoeba histolytica forms
infectious cysts that are passed through stool
humans can contract amebiasis by
eating food or drinking water contaminated with infectious Entamoeba histolytica cysts
amebiasis
is associated with men who have sex with men (Entamoeba histolytica can be transmitted via anal-oral sexual contact)
the right lobe of the liver is the most common site of
amebic liver abscess
hepatic amebiasis can present with
right upper quadrant pain
amebic liver abscesses are described as having
an “anchovy paste” consistency
intestinal amebiasis can present with
focal ulceration of the intestinal mucosa
ulcers seen in intestinal amebiasis typically appear
flask-shaped on microscopy
ulceration of the intestinal mucosa in intestinal amebiasis can result in
bloody diarrhea
a stool O&P (microscopic examination of the feces to detect the presence of ova and parasites) can be used to diagnose
Entamoeba histolytica infection
Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites with endocytosed RBCs is pathognomonic of
amebiasis
intestinal biopsy may show flask-shaped lesions in
intestinal amebiasis
the treatment for amebiasis includes
metronidazole
_______, a luminal agent, is used to eliminate Entamoeba histolytica cysts in the lumen of the intestine
- paromomycin
2. iodoquinol
cryptosporidiosis is a common cause of
diarrhea in HIV-positive patients
cryptosporidiosis can present with
watery, copious diarrhea in immunocompromised patients
Cryptosporidium spp. protozoa stain
partially acid-fast
Cryptosporidium spp. protozoa form
infectious cysts that are passed through stool
the cysts of Cryptosporidium spp. protozoa are composed of
4 motile sporozoites
Cryptosporidium spp. sporozoites infect and reproduce in
epithelial cells of the intestinal tract, causing cellular damage
_______ can be used to treat cryptosporidiosis in immunocompetent patients
nitazoxanide
filtration can remove ________ from contaminated water
filtration can remove Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts from contaminated water
______ is useful for treatment of cryptosporidiosis in immunocompromised patients
spiramycin
