Parasites

Question 1

Karyosome, flash-like lesion, Trophozoite and cyst stage

Answer 1

Entamoeba histolytica

Question 2

flagellate with 2 nuclei, stinky poo, interferes with fat absorption, feces float, beaver fever and backpackers diarrhea

Answer 2

Giardia intestinalis

Question 3

a sexually transmitted disease where leukocytes accumulate at site of infection, discharge is main symptom

flagellates in male semen or urine, female reproductive/vagina with smelly discharge

Answer 3

Trichomonas vaginalis

Question 4

large and only GI ciliate, PIGS-wild boar or domesticated pig

Answer 4

Balantidium coli

Question 5

football shaped oocyst, foul smelling malabsorption diarrhea, AIDS/travel to latin america

Answer 5

Cystoisospora belli

Question 6

3-4 week flu-like symptoms, food/fecal, outbreaks-USA/global, developing countries-endemic diarrhea

Answer 6

Cyclosporosis

Question 7

new parasite syndrome, in the newspapers, diarrhea and flu-like signs for 1-3 weeks, outbreaks associated with Guatemalan strawberries and other produce

Answer 7

Cyclospora cayetanensis

Question 8

transmission via drinking water, recreational water, sewage, farm animals

watery diarrhea, stomach cramps, dehydration, nausea, fever

Answer 8

Cryptosporidium parvum

Question 9

tick-borne transmission same as lyme disease, New England, looks like falciparum malaria in RBC, Maltese cross

Answer 9

Babesiosis

Question 10

cats and cat poo, undercooked red meat, congenital, pregnant women-baby with hydrocephalus, HIV, immunosuppresion

Answer 10

Toxoplasma gondii

Question 11

caused by the Anopheline mosquito, Plasmodium falciparum is the most serious and this one is 1/4 diameter of the RBC

Answer 11

Malaria

Question 12

most serious of the species that causes malaria

Answer 12

Plasmodium falciparum

Question 13

known as the orienetal sore, aleppo evil, etc…where organisms stay in the skin, lower temperature than viscera, lesion begins at papule at bite site, additional lesions and multiple, found in latin america

Answer 13

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis-L tropica

Question 14

much less common than regular cutaneous leishmaniasis, cutaneous lesions +/- small mucosal lesions, metastatic spread in mucosal areas, nasal, pharyngeal, buccal mucosa

Answer 14

mucocutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania braziliensis

Question 15

most serious form of leishmaniasis, hepatosplenomegaly, strong relationship between AIDS and this type of leishmaniasis

Answer 15

Visceral leishmaniasis (kala azar) caused by L. donovani

Question 16

chagas disease, sign of romanas(inflammation at bite site), triatomid bug, spleen and heart involvement

Answer 16

Trypansomas cruzi, American Trypanosomiasis

Question 17

causes sleeping sickness where patient slips into coma and dies, T.b gambiense-West and central africa; T.b rhodensiense-East and Southern Africa, Tsetse fly, CNS involvment

Answer 17

African Trypanosomiasis

Question 18

this African Trypanosomiasis is found in west, central africa

Answer 18

Trypanosoma brucei gambiense

Question 19

this African Trypanosomiasis is found in east, southern africa

Answer 19

Trypanosoma brucei rhodensiense

Question 20

sheep liver fluke
sheep, cattle, and man
eat vegetarian contaminated with metacercaria
adults in liver, fibrosis

Answer 20

Fascioloa hepatica

Question 21

intestinal fluke

10 million people, man and pigs, hemorrhage and abscesses of small intestine, metacercaria on water plants, adults large

Answer 21

Fasciolopsis buski

Question 22

lung fluke, carnivores, pigs, rodents, and man, may be fatal, from ingestion of uncooked crabs or crayfish raw or marinated in wine, metacercaria in crabs, crayfish, adults in lung, reddish eggs and blood streaked sputum

Answer 22

Paragonimus westermani

Question 23

swimmers itch, blood flukes, dioecious, male and female worms, live in veins, eggs cause host damage, adult worms can live 20+ years, no metacercarial stage, cercaria penetrate body directly

Answer 23

Schistosoma

Question 24

this species of Taenia is found in cattle, though infrequently, recent outbreaks related to indiscriminate defecation

Answer 24

Taenia saginata

Question 25

this species of Taenia is seen mostly in travelers and immigrants and now in the western parts of the USA, causes cysticercosis

Answer 25

Taenia solium

Question 26

eat the egg, get the encysted larva in tissue, eat the larva, get the adult tapeworm in the intestine, cyst form causes cysticercosis, neurocysticercous when in CNS

Answer 26

Taenia solium

Question 27

larval form in fish, adult form in intestine, absorbs our vitamin B12 causing deficiency, Microcytic hypo chromic anemia

Answer 27

Diphyllobothrium latum

Question 28

larval tapeworm in beetle, beetle eats the tapeworm ova, humans accidentally eat beetle with larva, gets adult tapeworm in intestine

Answer 28

Hymenolepis nana

Question 29

most common dog and cat tapeworm, flea intermediate host, children occasionally infected with adult tapeworm, concerns parent when they see segments juveniles in flea and louse

Answer 29

Dipylidium caninum

Question 30

very small adults, canine definitive host, metacestode undergoes asexual replication, zoonotic, hydatid cysts

Answer 30

Echinococcus granulosus

Question 31

this is found in fox and rodents with dogs and rarely cats, multi ocular hydatid cyst, many compartments more serious disease and difficult to remove surgically

Answer 31

Echinococcus multiocularis

Question 32

also known as the pinworm, pruritus and anal irritation, especially at night, always be sure to clean house to remove eggs, heat bedclothes in hot dryer

Answer 32

Enterobius vermicularis

Question 33

roundworm, small intestinal parasite, man eats embryonated eggs, larva migrate from gut to lungs and back to intestine, lung migration can cause pneumonia, eosinophils

Answer 33

ascaris lumbricoides

Question 34

raccoons normal definitive host, humans ingest eggs with larvae, larvae migrate to tissues/brain

Answer 34

Baylisascaris procyonis

Question 35

larvae in soil infect dogs, adults grow in intestine, humans get larvae and larvae migrate and never reach gut, remember can present as CLM (larvae migrate in the viscera) and VLM, larvae migrating throughout viscera

Answer 35

Toxocara canis and T. cati

Question 36

whipworm, ice man's rectum, detection of characteristic football shaped eggs with bipolar plugs, found in guatemala

Answer 36

Trichuris trichiura

Question 37

larvae in soil penetrate skin, adult in gut bites lesion in intestine, loss of blood is great, impacts growth and mental development

Answer 37

hookworms | Ancylostoma duodenale

Question 38

auto infection, hyper infection, found in hospitals, immunocompromised at high risk leading to death

Answer 38

Strongyloides stercoralis

Question 39

larvae in pigs, bears, wild boar, larvae eaten by humans, migrate until immune system forms cyst around them, cook food to pigs reduces transmission, cooking of meat kills worm as well as freezing temperatures

Answer 39

Trinchinella spiralis

Question 40

fever, headache, skin lesions, gross enlargement of the limbs and genitalia in a condition called elephantiasis, lymphatic channels affected

Answer 40

Filariasis caused by W. bancrofti

Question 41

introduced into the body by mosquitos, the adult worms live in the lymphatic system causing inflammation, fibrosis and obstruction, scarring where lesions over the inguinal lymph node heal

Answer 41

Brugia malayi

Question 42

found in the subcutaneous tissues in any part of the body, as well as the conjunctiva of the eye, the female produces microfilaria, migration occurs along subcutaneous portion of skin causing Calabar swelling, "adult eye worm"

Answer 42

Loa Loa

Question 43

these are filarial nematodes that rarely cause disease but can be found in geographical areas where W. bancrofti, Loa Loa, and Onchocerca volvulus also occur and must be differentiated from these microfilariae, also no periodicity is exhibited

Answer 43

Mansonella species

Question 44

the vector is the blackfly, Simulium damnosum, the vector of this species, causes onchocerciasis (river blindness), found along fast flowing rivers, skin nodules are very indicative of this infection

Answer 44

Onchocerca volvulus

Question 45

Vector is a copepod, eats worms then passed onto humans by drinking water Infection drinks cont water with copepod, boiled water not working, filtered straw fixed infection Worm through lesion wrap on stick to get out

Answer 45

Dracunculus medinesis