Lecture 2 Flashcards
Any mode or mechanism by which an infectious agent is spread from a source of infection to the host.
Transmission of Infection
A person or other living organism that can be infected by an infectious agent under natural or experimental conditions.
Host
A factor, such as a microorganism, chemical substance, or form of radiation, whose presence, excessive presence, or relative absence (deficiency diseases) is essential for the occurrence of a disease bac, virus, fungi, parasite, chemical, radiation, Vitamin deficiency
Agent
The location through which a microorganism (agent) enters the body. This may be cuts, lesions, injection sites, or natural body orifices
Portal of Entry
Transmission of a disease from mother to child either during pregnancy, childbirth, or by breastfeeding.
Not after neonatal period
Vertical Transmission
Transmission of an infection from one person to another of the same generation in the same population.
Horizontal Transmission
Transmission of an agent from a source to the host who is in close proximity.
Can be direct, indirect with source, or by droplets that travel.
Contact Transmission
The immediate transfer of an agent from a source to a host by direct contact spread.
No intermediate plays a role in transmission.
Direct Transmission
The transmission of an agent from a source to a host by suspended air particles or by animate (vector -arthropods) or inanimate (fomite any inanimate object that can transmit agent, e.g. door handles, cups, forks, tables, pens, toilet seats, old bandaids) intermediaries.
Indirect Transmission
this is a form of indirect transmission in the form of mosquito
Vector
any inanimate object that can transmit agent, e.g. door handles, cups, forks, tables, pens, toilet seats…..
Fomites
Transmission of an agent from a source to a host by spray with relatively large, short-ranged aerosols produced by sneezing, coughing, or talking. – no travelling!
Droplet Transmission
from a source to a host
agent
produced by sneezing, coughing, or talking.
short-ranged aerosols, form of droplet transmission
a type of vector transmission through a living intermediary
animate