Lecture 1

Question 1

A microscopic organism, (bacterium, virus, or fungus).

Answer 1

Microorganism

Question 2

The study of microscopic organisms, either unicellular (single cell), multicellular (cell colony), or acellular (lacking cells).

Answer 2

Microbiology

Question 3

A microorganism, especially one that causes disease.

Answer 3

Germ

Question 4

Process of infecting or the state of being infected by a pathogen.

Answer 4

Infection

Question 5

Infections are caused by infectious agents such as viruses, viroids, and prions, microorganisms such as bacteria, nematodes such as roundworms and pinworms, arthropods such as ticks, mites, fleas, and lice, fungi such as ringworm

Answer 5

Infectious agent

Question 6

External. Usually parasites.

Answer 6

Infestation

Question 7

The verb contaminate means the same as pollute. Whether it’s food, air, or water, when you contaminate something, you make it impure or hazardous.

Answer 7

Contamination

Question 8

Likely to spread infection; likely to spread or infect others in a rapid manner. (Perspective of the pathogen)

Answer 8

Infectious

Question 9

Spread of a disease from one person to another by direct or indirect contact. (Perspective of the disease)

Answer 9

Contagious

Question 10

Ability of an organism to cause disease

Answer 10

Pathogenic

Question 11

Extremely severe or harmful in its effects; able to overcome bodily defense mechanisms .

Answer 11

Virulent

Question 12

Koch’s Postulates

Answer 12

1- The suspected pathogenic organism should be present in all cases of the disease and absent from healthy animals.
2- The suspected pathogenic organism should be grown in pure culture. (can isolate the organism) —exception viruses can’t reprod w/o host, some bac can’t be isolated in pure culture, but still cause diease;
3- Cells from a pure culture of the suspected organism should cause disease in a healthy animal.
4- The organism should be re-isolated from an experimentally infected and shown to be identical as the original isolated organism. (identify the disease causing organism)

Question 13

define the mode of entry via fungi

superficial
cutaneous
subcutaneous
systemic
opportunistic

Answer 13

Localized to skin, hair, and nails.

Confined to dermis (middle layer of skin).

Confined to dermis, subcutaneous tissue or adjacent structures.

Deep infections of the internal organs.

Cause infection only in the immunocompromised

Question 14

karyos means?

Answer 14

nucleus

Question 15

pro means?

Answer 15

before primary

Question 16

Eu means?

Answer 16

good, true

Question 17

what is the size and the subunits of the bacterial ribosomes?

Answer 17

70s, subunits 50s and 30s

Question 18

what is the size and the subunits of the eukaryotic ribosomes?

Answer 18

80s, subunits 60s and 40s however in the mitochondria its 70s