Para/ Sympathetic

Question 1

Eyes

Answer 1

S: dilates pupil
P: constricts pupil; contracts ciliary muscle to thicken lens

Question 2

Lacrimal gland

Answer 2

S: slightly reduces secretion
P: promotes secretion

Question 3

Salivary gland

Answer 3

S: reduces secretion and more viscid
P: increases secretion and watery

Question 4

Sweat gland

Answer 4

S: stimulates secretion
P: no effect

Question 5

Blood vessels

Answer 5

S: constricts
P: no effect

Question 6

Heart

Answer 6

S: increases rate and ventricular contraction; dilates coronary vessels
P: decreases rate and ventricular contraction; constricts coronary vessels

Question 7

Bronchi

Answer 7

S: dilates lumen; reduces bronchial secretion
P: constricts lumen; promotes secretion

Question 8

GI

Answer 8

S: inhibits motility and secretion; constricts sphincters
P: stimulates motility and secretion; relaxes sphincters

Question 9

Liver

Answer 9

S: promotes glycogen breakdown
P: promotes glycogen formation and bile secretion

Question 10

Suprarenal medulla

Answer 10

S: secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine
P: no effect

Question 11

Kidney

Answer 11

S: Reduces urine formation by constriction of renal vessels; increase renin secretion
P: may cause vasodilation of renal vascular bed

Question 12

Urinary bladder

Answer 12

S: contracts sphincter vesicae
P: relaxes sphincter vesicae, contracts derusor muscle, causing urination

Question 13

Genital organs

Answer 13

S: causes vasoconstriction and ejaculation; contracts uterus
P: vasodilatation and erection; relaxes uterus

Question 14

Sympathetic

Answer 14

Feed, fight, find love, stressed, irritable

Originate from thoracic T1-L2

Question 15

Parasympathetic

Answer 15

Rest, digest, calm, peaceful

Originate from brain/ sacral III, VII, IX, X, S2-S4

Question 16

Sympathetic preganglion

Answer 16

send fibers out ventral root, leave through white mylein, and enter sympathetic trunk

Question 17

Sympathetic ganglion

Answer 17

located within S. chain ganglia or collateral ganglia outside sympathetic trunk

Question 18

Sympathetic post ganglion

Answer 18

fibers leave trunk through grey matter rami, pass through spinal nerve again before terminating at origin

Question 19

Sympathetic synapses

Answer 19

Cholinergic pre ganglia release Ach (short)

Adrenergic post ganglia release NE (long)

Question 20

Parasympathetic synapses

Answer 20

Cholinergic pre ganglia release ACh (long)

Cholinergic post ganglia release ACh (short)

Question 21

Parasympathetic preganglia

Answer 21

fibers synapse with peripheral ganglia located at organ

Question 22

Parasympathetic ganglion and nerves

Answer 22

3- ciliary ganglion
7- pterygopalatine and submandibular ganglion
9- otic ganglion
10- thoracic and abdominal ganglion, cardiac ganglion

Question 23

Horner’s syndrome

Answer 23

Lesion of sympathetic chain causing miosis, ptosis, anhydrosis (lack of sweating, droopy eyelid, redness)