Para/ Sympathetic Flashcards
Eyes
S: dilates pupil
P: constricts pupil; contracts ciliary muscle to thicken lens
Lacrimal gland
S: slightly reduces secretion
P: promotes secretion
Salivary gland
S: reduces secretion and more viscid
P: increases secretion and watery
Sweat gland
S: stimulates secretion
P: no effect
Blood vessels
S: constricts
P: no effect
Heart
S: increases rate and ventricular contraction; dilates coronary vessels
P: decreases rate and ventricular contraction; constricts coronary vessels
Bronchi
S: dilates lumen; reduces bronchial secretion
P: constricts lumen; promotes secretion
GI
S: inhibits motility and secretion; constricts sphincters
P: stimulates motility and secretion; relaxes sphincters
Liver
S: promotes glycogen breakdown
P: promotes glycogen formation and bile secretion
Suprarenal medulla
S: secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine
P: no effect
Kidney
S: Reduces urine formation by constriction of renal vessels; increase renin secretion
P: may cause vasodilation of renal vascular bed
Urinary bladder
S: contracts sphincter vesicae
P: relaxes sphincter vesicae, contracts derusor muscle, causing urination
Genital organs
S: causes vasoconstriction and ejaculation; contracts uterus
P: vasodilatation and erection; relaxes uterus
Sympathetic
Feed, fight, find love, stressed, irritable
Originate from thoracic T1-L2
Parasympathetic
Rest, digest, calm, peaceful
Originate from brain/ sacral III, VII, IX, X, S2-S4
Sympathetic preganglion
send fibers out ventral root, leave through white mylein, and enter sympathetic trunk
Sympathetic ganglion
located within S. chain ganglia or collateral ganglia outside sympathetic trunk
Sympathetic post ganglion
fibers leave trunk through grey matter rami, pass through spinal nerve again before terminating at origin
Sympathetic synapses
Cholinergic pre ganglia release Ach (short)
Adrenergic post ganglia release NE (long)
Parasympathetic synapses
Cholinergic pre ganglia release ACh (long)
Cholinergic post ganglia release ACh (short)
Parasympathetic preganglia
fibers synapse with peripheral ganglia located at organ
Parasympathetic ganglion and nerves
3- ciliary ganglion
7- pterygopalatine and submandibular ganglion
9- otic ganglion
10- thoracic and abdominal ganglion, cardiac ganglion
Horner’s syndrome
Lesion of sympathetic chain causing miosis, ptosis, anhydrosis (lack of sweating, droopy eyelid, redness)
