Paper3 Gender Flashcards
Hormones
Chemical that regulates activity of the cell
Oxytocin
The love hormone produced during labour
Oestrogen
Female hormone important in development of menstrual cycle and reproductive system
Testosterone
Produced in the male testes
Prefrontal cortex
Regulates emotions
mature earlier in women than men
Frontal cortex
Logical decision-making
more complex in women than men
Amygdala
Anger stimuli
Different pattern in women than men so respond to threat differently
Suprachiasmatic nucleus
Physiological gender identity
Testosterone affects the size of this area
GCS: object permanence
Something is there even if you can’t see it
Egocentrism
Not understanding others
Conservation
Properties of object remain the same despite superficial appearance
Concurrent validity
Ideas built off of other theories
KOHLBERG: gender identity
2-4yrs
labelled gender based on appearance
gender is not considered permanent
Gender stability
4-6yrs
Gender will not change for you
others may due to appearance
Gender constancy
6-7+yrs
Gender constant across time understand gender appropriate behaviour
SLABY AND FREY
Ken doll experiment
Ingroup
Gender you identify with
Outgroup
Gender we dont identify with
Differential reinforcement
Children praised for different behaviours
Symbolic models/ live models
imitated and replicated behaviour if similar to role model
Gender dysphoria
Mismatch between sex assigned at birth based on biological anatomy and gender identity
Androgen reception in genetic explanation for gender dysphoria
Develops male sex characteristics
Brain sex theory
Relevant study: GARCIA FALGUERAS with post mortem analysis
Brain regions differ for transgendered individuals
Cognitive/gender schema theory as social explanation for gender dysphoria
Attitudinal pathway- develop non sex type schema from experience
Personal pathway- develop from interest
Identification
Children identify with same-sex parents to resolve a complex
Internalisation
Children take on board gender identity
Sexually dimorphic
The sexes of same species have different characteristics
