PAPER 2 (Policies)

Question 1

Sure Start Centres

Answer 1

Introduced by Labour in 1998.
Expanded in 2004 and 2010.
Funding cut by Conservatives from 2010 onwards.
Centres were set up in communities that provide support with child and family health, parenting, training and employment.

Question 2

Same-Sex Marriage Act 2013.

Answer 2

Introduced by the Coalition Government.
Gave same-sex couples the same legal right to marry as heterosexual couples (but not in a church)

Question 3

Married Couples Tax Allowance 2015

Answer 3

• Introduced by Conservatives.
• Married couples with one partner at home and one partner earning can pay less tax than other people.
• The person earning can use the personal allowance of their partner.

Question 4

Romania’s Decree 770

Answer 4

Introduced by Communist dictatorship (1965-1989)
Contraception and abortion were banned except in rare exceptions.

Question 5

Israel’s Kibbutz movement

Answer 5

• Introduced by Israeli settlers (1920s to 1980s)
• Children are raised collectively by the community.
• They do not live with their parents; they live in a children’s house.

Question 6

Contraceptive Pill made available on the NHS

Answer 6

Conservatives introduced it to married women in 1961.
Labour introduced it to all women in 1967.

Question 7

Abortion Act 1967

Answer 7

Introduced by the Labour government.
Women can terminate pregnancies up to 24 weeks if a pregnancy would cause injury to her physical or mental health.

Question 8

Equal Pay Act (1970)
Sex Discrimination Act (1975)
Largely replaced by the Equality Act (2010)

Answer 8

Introduced by Labour government.
Employers cannot discriminate against people because of their sex or pay them different amounts for the same job.

Question 9

The Divorce Reform Act (1969)

Answer 9

Introduced by Labour.
Allowed couples to divorce more easily.
Introduced the reason of ‘irreconcilable differences’ as opposed to ‘matrimonial offences’.

Question 10

Paid Paternity Leave

Answer 10

Introduced by Labour in 2003 and 2010; The Coalition Government in 2015.
New dads are allowed two weeks paid leave.
From 2015, parents are able to choose who takes 2 weeks off and who takes a year off.

Question 11

China’s One-Child Policy

Answer 11

‘Little emperor syndrome’ -> Children are becoming spoiled. Links with child-centredness.
One child = free healthcare.

Question 12

Nazi family policy

Answer 12

In the 1930s, the state pursued two fold policy.
Slight to keep women out of the workforce and confine them to ‘children, kitchen and church’.
Sterilised 375,000 disabled people.

Question 13

Surveillance (Foucault)

Answer 13

All of us know that we could be being watched at any time, so we behave as if we are being watched.

Question 14

Donzelot (The Policing of Families)

Answer 14

Policies are a way for the state to police families. E.g. social workers, health workers, teachers, etc…

Question 15

Land (Feminism)

Answer 15

If you’re living in a country where most people live in a nuclear family, most people will live in a nuclear family.