PAPER 2 (Families - Gender role theories) Flashcards
Parsons - two roles
Instrumental - geared towards achieving success at work so that he can provide financially.
Expressive - geared towards primary socialisation of the children and meeting the family’s emotional needs.
Bott - two types of conjugal roles
Segregated conjugal roles - couple have separate roles. (Breadwinner and homemaker)
Joint conjugal roles - where couples share tasks such as housework and childcare.
Young and Willmott
Found roles of men and women are becoming more equal.
Symmetrical family:
Men are doing more housework + childcare.
Women are doing more paid work.
They are socialising together.
Went around to peoples houses and asked, ‘does your husband help with the housework at least once a week?’
Ann Oakley
Found that women do most of the housework and childcare.
15% of husbands had a high level of participation in housework.
25% of husbands had a high participation in childcare.
Unstructured interview on 40 women, 20M/C and 20W/C.
Boulton
Fewer than 20% of men took a major role in childcare.
Warde & Hetherington - sex-typing tasks:
Wives = 30x more likely to have last done the washing.
Husbands = 4x more likely to have last washed the car.
Dex and Ward
Only 1% of dads of 3 year olds took care of their sick child. 78% of dads of 3 year olds played with their children.
Hochschild
Mums do emotion work.
Duncombe and Marsden
Triple shift:
Paid unemployment
Unpaid domestic work
Emotional work
Southerton
Mothers face greater difficulty trying to organise quality time because there is more pressure.
Gershuny
Couples whose parents had a more equal relationship will be more egalitarian.
Dunne
Gender scripts: these are the expected roles, norms and values which will be adopted in a society.
Lesbian couples have a more symmetrical relationship bc no gender scripts.
Edgell
Everyday decisions made by mum/less frequent, more important is dad.
Barrett and McIntosh
‘The Anti-Social Family’
Men gain more from women’s domestic labour.
Men’s financial support of their wives is unpredictable and conditional.
Men make most important decisions.
Laurie and Gershuny
By 1995, 70% of couples say they have an equal say. Women who earn more, tend to have more say.
Pahl
If they put in the same amount of money, but one earns more, that does not mean they’re equal.
Smart and Weeks
In same-sex couples, the person who manages the money is the best at managing it.
Dobash & Dobash
Marriage confers power and authority on husbands and dependency on wives.
Wally and Allen
Women are more likely to be victims of multiple incidents of abuse and sexual violence.
Yearnshire
Women suffer 35 assaults before reporting their abuse.
DV is the crime least likely to be reported.
