PAPER 1 (Education (Class) Internal Factors)

Question 1

Labelling Theory

Answer 1

An interactionist theory - looking at interactions between people. To attach a meaning or definition to a student.

Question 2

Self-fulfilling prophecy.

Answer 2

Prediction that becomes true simply by virtue of it having been made.

Question 3

Streaming

Answer 3

Involves separating children into different ability groups or classes called ‘streams’.

Question 4

The A-C Economy

Answer 4

Schools focus their time and effort on students who have the potential to get 5 passes at GCSE as this is what is published. It makes the school look good.

Question 5

Educational Triage

Answer 5

‘Those who will pass will pass anyway’ and the ‘hopeless cases’ will be ignored.
Focus all time on borderline cases, possibly assign mentors.

Question 6

Differentiation - Lacey

Answer 6

The teachers split the kids up and put into streams.

Question 7

Polarisation - Lacey

Answer 7

Pupils responded to labelling by teachers by moving to one of the two opposite extremes (or ‘poles’) either pro-school or anti-school.

Question 8

Pro-school subculture

Answer 8

.Top stream
.Middle-class
.Committed to the values of the school
.Gain status in approved ways

Question 9

Anti-school subculture

Answer 9

.Low streams
.Working-class
.Failure
.Low self-esteem, school has undermined them, reinforcing inferior status.

Question 10

Habitus

Answer 10

Ways of being and acting.

Question 11

Symbolic Capital

Answer 11

Pupils who have been socialised into middle-class tastes gain ‘Symbolic capital’. This is status and recognition from the school deemed to have worth.

Question 12

Symbolic Violence

Answer 12

Withholding symbolic capital. Working class pupils tastes are deemed ‘worthless’ and ‘tasteless’. Symbolic violence keeps the lower class ‘in their place’.

Question 13

Nike Identity

Answer 13

Recognisable identity which is different to middle-class identity.