Paper 2 - All Content

Question 1

What is abstraction?

Answer 1

Removing unnecessary detail from a problem to make it easier to understand and focus in on main elements.

Question 2

What is decomposition?

Answer 2

Breaking down a problem into a series of sub problems to make it easier to understand and solve.

Question 3

What is an input?

Answer 3

Allows user to put data into the computer system.

Question 4

What is a output?

Answer 4

Displays the result of processing to the unit.

Question 5

What is a process?

Answer 5

Turns a input into a output.

Question 6

What shape is a process?

Answer 6

Rectangle.

Question 7

What shape is a start/end?

Answer 7

Lozenge.

Question 8

What shape is a input/output?

Answer 8

Parrelelogram.

Question 9

What shape is a sub program?

Answer 9

Rectangle with two additional lines inside.

Question 10

What shape is a decision?

Answer 10

Diamond, remember to add labels to branch arrows.

Question 11

What direction do you have to go in trace tables?

Answer 11

Left to right, never go back on yourself.

Question 12

What are the conditions required to run a binary search?

Answer 12

List must be in order, text and numbers.

Question 13

What happens in a binary search?

Answer 13

Each time you select the middle item in a list, the irrelevant half is discarded. You repeat this until you have found the result.

Question 14

What happens in a binary search?

Answer 14

Each time you select the middle item in a list, the irrelevant half is discarded. You repeat this until you have found the result.

Question 15

Is a binary search efficient?

Answer 15

Yes.

Question 16

What is a linear search?

Answer 16

Search that will work on any list. Starts at beginning of list and checks every item in order to see if it matches the search term.

Question 17

What is a positive and negative of using a linear search?

Answer 17

Can search unordered lists, far less efficient than binary search.

Question 18

What is a bubble sort?

Answer 18

At the end of every complete pass you put ONE item in order.

Question 19

What is a merge sort?

Answer 19

Start with overall list and keep splitting it in half until you are left with one item in the sub list.

Question 20

What is insertion sort?

Answer 20

Take first item and put it at top, you then take second item and put that in the correct position (left or right of card).

Question 21

What is a variable?

Answer 21

Named location in memory which holds a value that can change during the running of a program.

Question 22

What is a constant?

Answer 22

A constant is a value that cannot be changed during the running of the program.

Question 23

What is MOD?

Answer 23

Modulus, remainder after INTEGER division is carried out,

Question 24

What is DIV?

Answer 24

Integer division.

Question 25

What do MOD and DIV always return?

Answer 25

Integers.

Question 26

What are the boolean operators?

Answer 26

AND, OR, NOT

Question 27

What is real/float?

Answer 27

decimal number, currency is real.

Question 28

What is a integer?

Answer 28

Whole number.

Question 29

What is boolean?

Answer 29

TRUE or FALSE.

Question 30

What is a character?

Answer 30

Single alphanumerical digit.

Question 31

What is a string?

Answer 31

One or more alphanumerical digits.

Question 32

What is casting?

Answer 32

Converting something from one data type to another.

Question 33

What is anticipating misuse, (defensive design)?

Answer 33

Designing your program in such a way that it can protect against invalid inputs.

Question 34

What is authentication?

Answer 34

Ensures a person is who they claim to be, an example of this could be username and password or two factor authentication.

Question 35

How can you improve maintainability?

Answer 35

Sub Programs Naming Conventions Indentation Commenting

Question 36

When do you carry out iterative testing?

Answer 36

Throughout development.

Question 37

What is a logic error?

Answer 37

Errors which produce an unexpected output.

Question 38

What are the four types of test data?

Answer 38

Normal Boundary Erroneous Invalid

Question 39

What is normal testing?

Answer 39

Using data which should be accepted during the normal running of the program.

Question 40

What is Boundary testing?

Answer 40

Tested using data which is the correct data type and on the very edge of being accepted.

Question 41

What is invalid testing?

Answer 41

Test data which is of the correct data type which should be rejected by the computer.

Question 42

What is erroneous testing?

Answer 42

Test data which is of a incorrect data type and should be rejected by the program.

Question 43

What is the difference between high and low level languages?

Answer 43

High level languages tend to resemble English and have to be translated in order to be executed by the program. They are not processor specific.