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Question 1

what is genetic variation

Answer 1

different characteristics as a result of mutation and sexual reproduction

Question 2

what is environmental variation

Answer 2

the characteristics an organism acquires from its surroundings

Question 3

what is a mutation

Answer 3

changes to the gene or chromosme

Question 4

does every genetic mutation have an affect on phenotype?

Answer 4

most genetic mutations have no effect on the
phenotype, some mutations have a small effect on the phenotype and, rarely, a single mutation will significantly affect the phenotype

Question 5

how are ciliated epithelial cells specialised for their function

Answer 5

they line the surface of the organs. The cilia move substances in one direction. They line the airways to help move mucus up the throat so it can be swallowed and doesn’t reach the lungs

Question 6

what do mutations cause

Answer 6

extensive genetic variation within a
the population of a species

Question 7

how has the human genome project helped scientists predict and prevent diseases

Answer 7

they can give specified advice on the best diet and lifestyle to avoid the likelihood of these problems. Doctors can check us and give us early treatment.

Question 8

how has the human genome project helped In testing and finding treatments for inherited disorders

Answer 8

scientists can find genes and alleles that cause inherited disorders more quicker.
-people can be tested for it which leads to better treatments or even cure.

Question 9

how has the human genome project helped in finding new and better medicine

Answer 9

People react differently to treatments so scientists can design new drugs that are specific to people and the dosage

Question 10

what are the drawbacks of the human genome project

Answer 10

if someone knew they were susceptible to diseases they could panic
people come under pressure to not have children