Pancreas Anatomy Flashcards by abbie anderson

what are the pacreatic buds. what do they turn into?

Ventral - smaller - duct of Wirsung. Main duct <2mm

Dorsal - lgr - duct of santorini. secondary or accessory duct

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What do find in the pancreas parenchyma?

Acini cells (provide exocrine function)

isles of langerhauns (provide endocrine functions)

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What does the pancreas lie anterior to?

lumbar vertebrae #1 and 2

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what plane is the pancreas in?

deep epigastirium and lt hypochondrium

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what are the pancreas posterior landmarks?

IVC and Aorta

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how does the pancreas sit?

extens horizontally/oblique

2nd part of duodenum to splenic hilum

its head is inferior to its tail

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where is the pancreas head in relationship to the duodenum?

Where is it’s tail?

2nd portion of duodenum (2nd/3rd parts are retroperitoneal). head sits in c-loop

tail is superior and posterior to head

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in relation to the PV confluence, AO, SMV, SV or AO

where is the head of the pancreas?

where is the uncinate portion of the head of the pancreas?

where is the neck of the pancreas?

where is the body?

tail?

lat to PV confluence and ant to IVC

posterior to the PV Confluence/SMV

ant to PV confluence

ant to SV

side of AO laterally

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what is the duct of wirsung?

Major papilla – opening where bile and pancreatic juice flow into duodenum
•
Ampulla of Vater – Area where PD and DCBD join
•
Sphincter of Oddi – The Sphincter of Oddi is a muscular valve that controls the flow of digestive juices (bile and pancreatic juice) through the ampulla of Vater

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Duct of Santorini

Minor Papilla
–
Drains into duodenum

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what size is the head, neck, body and tail of the pancreas in AP?

head 2-3 cm

neck 1.5-2.5 cm

body 2-2.5 cm

tail 1-2 cm

*all measurements taken perpendicular to panc

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what bud does the duct of wirsung arise from?

ventral bud

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what bud does the duct of santorini arise from?

the larger bud

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what portion of the duodenum is the c-loop in?

2nd

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the pancreatic head is typically more __ than its tail?

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what is the lgst part of the pancreas?

head

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what is the area where the bile and pancreatic ducts meet?

ampulla of vater

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wher is the c-loop of the dodenum?

retroperitoneal

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whre are the hepatic and splenic arteries?

peritoneal. aorta is retroperitoneal, but not these branches.

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what feeds the pancreas?

what drains it?

Splenic Artery: feeds body, tail
GDA: branch superior Pancreaticoduodenal branches: feeds head and neck
SMA: branch inferior Pancreaticoduodenal: feeds head

Splenic Vein and SMV tributaries

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what are the vascular landmarks of the pancreas

CA, CHA, SA form the superior border

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what vascular landmarks can you see here?

GDA: Anterior / Lateral border of head

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where is the SMA?

posterior to the pancreatic body

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where is the PV confluence?

posterior to the neck of the pancreas

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where is the splenic vein?

posterior to the pancreatic body/tail

where is the SMV/PV confluence?

anterior to the uncinate process of the pancreas

what is the arrow pointing to?

the ivc. posterior to the head

where is the aorta?

posterior to the pancreatic body.

where is the DCBD?

Travels in the posterior / lateral border of the pancreatic head

where is the seagull sign in relation to the pancreas?

superior.

what is the arrow pointing to?

GDA

what part of the pancreas is the arrow pointing to?

neck

the uncinate process is ___ to the PV confluence?

posterior

In a longitudinal view of the pancreatic body, which vessels is seen directly posterior to the pancreas?

what part of the \* pancreas is on

body.

The order of the vessels posterior to the body of the pancreas that fall along the line would be…

SV, SMA, LRV, AO

what part of the panc is the line on?

head

what vessel is posterior to the panc head in longitudinal?

IVC

This is a longitudinal view of the panc. head, what is the arrow pointing to?

SMV

what is the arrow pointing to?

panc neck

what vessel is the arrow pointing to?

what is often confused w/ the pancreatic duct?

post wall of stomach, splenic artery and retroperitoneal fat

what is this?

the antrum of the stomach (ant and post walls) looks like pancreatic duct (see panc duct below)

pacreatic congenital anamolies (5)

Ectopic tissue – Annular pancreas – Fibrocystic disease – Congenital cysts – Pancreatic Divisum

what is the most common anomaly where ____ is intramural, within the wall of the stomach, duodenum, small bowel, large bowel. These aberrant (deviating from normal) tissues usually mostly acini cells and less islet of Langerhauns cells. Theses tissues are susceptible to pancreatitis and tumors.

ectopic tissue

what congenital anamoly is rare. The head of the panc. surrounds the second portion of the duodenum. Can be associated with complete or partial atresia of the duodenum.

Annular Pancreas Atresia = Absence or closure

what is a hereditary disorder of the exocrine glands. This is cystic fibrosis of the pancreas. Other abdominal organs affected by this dz. include liver , biliary. Problems tend to increase as the CF pt. ages.

Fibrocystic Disease

what results from anomalous development of the pancreatic ducts. Usually multiple in number and vary in size from 3-5 cm?

Congenital Cyst

what literally means divided pancreas – Not seen with US, dx is by ERCP – Results from a failure of the buds to fuse. – Panc. enzymes can not drain well from the smaller duct. – Pt.’s will have recurrent bouts of pancreatitis.

Pancreatic Divisum

Name the 3 major arteries which form landmarks for the superior border of the pancreas.

a. Celiac Axis b. Common Hepatic Artery c. Splenic Artery

Name the terms used to describe the two embryonic buds from which the pancreas develops from.

a. Ventral Bud b. Dorsal Bud

Name the two cell types which compose the pancreatic parenchyma.

Acini cells Islets of Langerhans

Which cells perform the exocrine functions?

Acini cells

Which cells perform the endocrine functions?

Islets of Langerhans

Acini cells produce digestive enzymes used in digestion.

true

name

14 Pancreatic head 15 P. neck 16. P. body 17. Portal confluence 18. IVC 19. SMA 20. Aorta 21. Splenic vein 22. p tail

what plane is this image drawn in?

long 24. Hepatic artery 25. IVC 26. Rt. Renal Artery

1. Find the SMA 2. Find the AO 3. Find the IVC 4. Find the DCBD 5. Find the GDA 6. Find the Pancreatic head 7. Find the Pancreatic neck 8. Find the Uncinate process of the pancreas 9. Name this vessel

10. Find the GB 11. Where is the notch on the probe facing? 12. Name this portion of the pancreas 13. Name this portion of the pancreas 14. Name this anatomy 15. Name this anatomy 16. Name this anatomy 17. Name this anatomy

10. GB 11. To pt. Lt. 12. P. neck 13. P. tail 14. Lt. lobe of liver 15. GDA 16. DCBD 17. Spine

name this anatomy

18. Ligament of teres 19. Stomach with fluid within 20. SMA 21. Aorta 22. Posterior wall of the stomach 23. GDA 24. P. head 25. Lt. renal vein