Pancreas

Question 1

alpha cells produce

Answer 1

glucagon

Question 2

beta cells produce

Answer 2

insulin

Question 3

90-95% of the pancreas is exocrine or endocrine

Answer 3

exocrine

Question 4

4 organs that are essential for glucose homeostasis

Answer 4

liver
skeletal mm
fat
brain

Question 5

insulin consist of 2 chains held together by

Answer 5

disulfide brides

Question 6

primary regulator of insulin is

Answer 6

blood glucose levels

Question 7

two pools of insulin release are

Answer 7

rapid release pool

slow release pool

Question 8

parasympathetic activity _____ insulin secretion

Answer 8

stimulates

Question 9

sympathetic activity _____ insulin secretion

Answer 9

inhibits

Question 10

incretins are produced by cells in the

Answer 10

lining of the gut

Question 11

in beta cells, metabolism of glucose leads to an increase in the

Answer 11

intracellular ATP/ADP ratio

Question 12

is insulin a powerful or weak hormone?

Answer 12

powerful

Question 13

does insulin have specific or broad influences?

Answer 13

broad

Question 14

insulin’s major action is to

Answer 14

stimulate anabolism

Question 15

in muscle insulin acts to increase (5 things)

Answer 15

glucose uptake, oxidation, glycogenesis, amino acid uptake and protein synthesis

Question 16

in adipose tissue insulin acts to increase (3 things)

Answer 16

glucose uptake, lipid synthesis , fatty acid uptake

Question 17

in the liver insulin acts to increase (3 things)

Answer 17

glucokinase activity, glycogen synthesis, lipid synthesis

Question 18

the insulin receptor is a

Answer 18

glycoprotein

Question 19

the insulin receptor consists of 4 chains

Answer 19

2 alpha

2 beta

Question 20

the alpha chains bind to

Answer 20

insulin

Question 21

the beta chains

Answer 21

span the membrane and mediate signal transmission

Question 22

primary regulator of glucagon secretion is (3 things)

Answer 22

levels of glucose, amino acids and fatty acids

Question 23

secretion of glucagon is inversely related to the

Answer 23

concentration of glucose

Question 24

high serum levels of glucagon is characteristic of

Answer 24

starvation

Question 25

glucagon is destroyed via

Answer 25

proteolysis

Question 26

major action of glucagon is to

Answer 26

increase glucose production

Question 27

the primary target tissue for glucagon is the

Answer 27

liver

Question 28

glucagon stimulates gluconeogensis by 2 ways - 1. activating (3 things)

Answer 28

phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase

fructose 1,5 bisphosphate and glucose-phosphatase

Question 29

glucagon stimulates gluconeogensis by 2 ways - 2. glucagon also inhibits (2 things)

Answer 29

pyruvate kinase

and acetyl CoA carboxylase

Question 30

Diabetes is defect in the ability of _____ to do its job

Answer 30

insulin

Question 31

type 1 diabetes is when

Answer 31

there is no insulin there

Question 32

type 2 diabetes is when there is

Answer 32

resistance to insulin ann