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Physio I > Male Repro > Flashcards

Male Repro Flashcards

1
Q

male reproductive tract consists of 8 things

A 
testes
epididymus
vas deferens
seminal vesicles
prostate
bulbourthral
ejaculatory duct
penis
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2
Q

what is the function of the testes?

A

produce gametes (sperm)

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3
Q

what is the function of the epididymis?

A

sperm transport and site of sperm maturation

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4
Q

what is the function of the vas deferens

A

sperm transport and storage

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5
Q

what is the function of the seminal vesicles, prostate and bulbourethral glands

A

produce nutrients and buffers

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6
Q

what is the function of the ejaculatory duct?

A

transport of sperm and fluids

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7
Q

what is the function of the penis

A

delivery of sperm into female repro tract

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8
Q

what 5 major hormones are involved?

A

LH, FSH, testosterone, GnRH and inhibin

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9
Q

spermatogenesis is the development of the

A

male gametes from the spermatogonia to the spermatozoan stage

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10
Q

when does spermatogensis occur?

A

starting with puberty

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11
Q

the sertoli cells do what for developing sperm?

A

they surround and nurture it

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12
Q

sertoli cells also secrete

A

growth factors

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13
Q

the growth factors that sertoli cells secrete seem to regulate 3 things

A
  1. mitosis
  2. meiosis
  3. development of the spermatozoa
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14
Q

the sertoli cells form a_______ barrier

A

the sertoli cells form a blood-testis barrier

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15
Q

sertoli cells secrete fluid within the lumen of the ___________

A

seminiferous tubules

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16
Q

sertoli cells secrete androgen binding protein which does what?

A

keeps concentrations of androgens very high in tubules and ducts

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17
Q

the seminal vesicles, bulbourethral and prostate secrete what?

A

components of the semen

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18
Q

major function of the Leydig cells is to

A

synthesize and secrete testosterone

19
Q

what hormone is necessary for Leydig cells to function?

A

LH

20
Q

what are the 2 crucial steps to testosterone synthesis

A
  1. conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone

2. cleavage of the side chain at C17

21
Q

what are the 2 major androgens?

A
  1. testosterone

2. dihydrotestosterone

22
Q

testosterone can be metabolized peripherally to what?

A

estradiol

23
Q

what enzyme converts testosterone to estradiol?

A

aromatase

24
Q

where is aromatase primarily found?

A

in the brain, breast and adipose tissue

25
Q

what convertes testosterone to dihydrotestosterone?

A

5-alpha reductase

26
Q

where is 5-alpha reductase found?

A

skin & scalp

genital skin, prostate

27
Q

where is testosterone primarily degraded?

A

by the liver

28
Q

androgens promote what 3 things to organs of repro?

A

growth, differentiation and function

29
Q

androgens are necessary for what function involving sperm?

A

spermatogenesis

30
Q

androgens stimulate the growth of

A

chest, axillary and facial hair + male pattern baldness

31
Q

androgens increase

A

libido

32
Q

testosterone is responsible for the development of what 5 things?

A 
wolffian duct structures
formation of male internal genitalia
spermatogenesis
increased muscle mass
increased libido
33
Q

DHT is needed for the development of what 5 things?

A 
male external genitalia
enlargemnt of prostate/penis
facial hair
acne
recession of hairline
34
Q

testosterone and DHT are what type of hormone?

A

steroid

35
Q

testosterone and DHT work by binding at

A

intracellular receptors

36
Q

LH, FSH and testosterone are required for

A

testicular function

37
Q

LH acts on ______ to stimulate testostereon ____ & secretion

A

LH acts on Leydig to stimulate testosterone production & secretion

38
Q

testosterone works with ____ to stimulate the _____ cells

A

FSH, sertoli

39
Q

LH and FSH are released from what gland?

A

pituitary

40
Q

what stimulates the release of LH and FSH?

A

GnRH

41
Q

what is the GnRH pulse????

A

it’s produced in the hypothalamus and released into the portal circulation with a frequency of once an hour to once every 3 hours

42
Q

Testosterone inhibits ____ secretion

A

GnRH

43
Q

when GnRH is inhibited it inhibits what hormoen from the pituitary?

A

LH

44
Q

sertoli cell produce a hormone that inhibits what?

A

inhibin, FSH

Physio I (26 decks)

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