Endocrine Control of Metabolism Flashcards
what is normal plasma osmolarity?
288 mOsM
elevated glucose for extended time causes osmotic problems like
cell dehydration and hyperosmolarity
depressed glucose for extended time causes
demise of certain cells (that needed glucose to survive)
the liver stores how much of the bodies glycogen?
1/3
the liver is the primary site of
gluconeogensis and FFA synthesis
in the liver insulin stimulates what 2 processes?
glycogensis and lipogenesis
in the liver epi, glucagon and cortisol stimulate what process?
gluconeogenesis
Fat cells are the primary site of
lipid storage
insulin drives formation of what in fat cells?
triglycerides
hormone sensitive lipase (HPL0 helps break down what? to form what?
breaks down tryglycerides to form free fatty acids
what is hormone sensitive lipase stimulated by? (2 hormones)
epinephrien and glucagon
muscle stores about what amount of the body’s glycogen?
2/3
the muscle is what % of body mass?
50%
glycogenolysis is the break down of what?
glycogen
what is glycogenolysis stimulated by?
epinephrine
what % is protein expendable?
16%
how many days supply does our body have of fat?
40 days
how long of a supply of glycogen do we have?
8-14 hours
the net effect of the citric acid cycle is to take carbons from _____ and form ___ + ATP and use _____
the net effect of the citric acid cycle is to take carbons from sugar and form CO2 + ATP and use O2
if there is excess glucose most is shuttled in to
glycogen in muscle and liver
insulin stimulates 4 things
glycogenesis
glycolysis
lipogenesis
protein metabolism
if there is a deficient foot state what 3 things occur?
lipolysis
glycogenolysis
gluconeogensis
epinephrine stimulates what 3 things?
glycogenolysis
lipolysis
gluconeogensis
epinephrine inhibits what?
insulin secretion
glucagon stimulates what 3 things?
glycogenolysis
lipolysis
gluconeogenesis
growth hormone stimulates what? (1 thing(
lipolysis
growth hormone decrease glucose utilization by increasing
Free fatty acids available
cortisol stimulates what (2 things)
gluconeogenesis and lipolysis
cortisol causes insulin
resistance
cortisol is essential for survival during what state?
starvation
diabetes is insulin
resistance
