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ANT 1001 Lecture > Palet- Pterygopaletine Fossa > Flashcards

Palet- Pterygopaletine Fossa Flashcards

1
Q

Explain th Pterygopaletine fossa
(sphenopaletine)

A
  • Inverted pyramidal shape
  • Fat filled
  • On lateral side of skulll
  • Between infratemporal fossa & Nasopharynx
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2
Q

Known as major Neurovascular Crossroadsbetween the orbit – nasal cavity – the infratemporal fossa and the cranial fossa

A

PP fossa!

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3
Q

What is the anterior wall of the PP fossa?

A

Posterior surface of the maxilla

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4
Q

What is the medial wall of the PP fossa?

A

Lateral surface of the paletine bone

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5
Q

What makes the roof/posterior wall of the PP fossa?

A
  • Sphenoid (anterosuperior surface of pterygoid process)
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6
Q

The PP fossa communitcates with what 6 things?

A
  1. Middle cranial fossa
  2. Infratemporal fossa
  3. Floor of the orbit
  4. Lateral wall of the nasal cavity
  5. Oropharynx
  6. Roof of the oral cavity
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7
Q

The PP fossa is a major site for what?

A

Maxillary Nerve (CN5V2) sensory!

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8
Q

The PP fosa is a terminal site for what?

A

Maxillary artery!

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9
Q

What important ganglion is in the PP fossa?

A

Pterygopaletine ganglion

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10
Q

What merges in the PP gnaglion?

A

Merger
* Pre-ganglionc sympathetic fibers from Facial CN7
* Post ganglionic PARAsympathetic fibers
**These join sympathetic fibers from T1 joing branches of V2; sensory **

Oral Facial Pain

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11
Q

The PP fossa is formed by the ?

A

anterosuperior surface of pterygoid process
on the sphenoid bone

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12
Q

What are the 3 foramen in the spehnoid bone?

A
  1. Foramen Rotundum (max V2)
  2. Anterior opening of Pterygoid canal
  3. Foramen Lacerum
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13
Q

How many gateways are in the PP fossa? What do they do?

A

7 formanina & Fissure
1. Foramen rotundum
2. Pterygoind canal
3. Paltovaginal canal
4. Paletine Canal
5. Ptergomaxillary fissure
6. Inferior orbital fissure
7. PP foramen

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14
Q

What exits via formaen rotundum?

A

Maxillary CN5V2 (sensory)

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15
Q

Explain where the maxillary nerve goes once it exits the foramen rotundum

A
  • Passes anteriorly through inferior orbital fissure to become the infra-orbital nerve
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16
Q

Trauma to the infraorbital area results in?

A

Losing sensory, also a source of pain!

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17
Q

What does the infra-orbital nerve (branch from V2) supply?

A

Supplys orbital wall; sphenoidal & ethmoidal sinus

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18
Q

If you have excess mucous in the sphenoidal and ethmoidal sinus, what can this causes?

A

Pressure on the infra-orbital nerve which sends sensory signals back and give us that pain pressure sensation. Sinus pressure!

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19
Q

What exits via the paletine canal?

A

greater & lesser paletine nerves
* Branches off V2

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20
Q

What does the greater paletine nerve innervate?

Branch off V2

A
  • Roof oral cavity
  • Muscosa
  • Glands of hard pallte
  • Lingual Gingiva of incisors
  • give rise to post. nasal nerves of nose
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21
Q

What does the lesser palentine innervate?

branch off V2

A

soft pallate

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22
Q

Where is the greater paletine formaen?

A

Posterior, bilaterally

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23
Q

What does through the sphenopaletine foramen?

A
  • 7 Nasal nerves to nasal cavity
    most go to supply the lateral, some medial wall

branch of V2

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24
Q

WHere does the Nasopaletine n go and exit into the oral cavity?

1/7 nasal nerve brances of V2

A
  • Down nasal septum into oral cavity via incisive foramen adj to incisors.
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25
Q

What goes through the Palatovaginal Canal?

A

Chains from below.

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26
Q

Explain zygomatic nerve

Branch off V2

A

Branch off V2
* Supplies mucosa & glands of nasopharynx
* Divides into zygomatico- temporal & facial

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27
Q

Explain the zygomaticotemporal branch of zygomatic n

A

Goes up and supplies skin over temple

28
Q

Explain the zygomaticofacial branch of zygomatic n

A

Supply adjacent skin of zygomatic bone

29
Q

What stems from the Pterygopaletine fisure?

(infratemporal fossa)

A

Posterior Superior Alveolar Nerve

branch off V2

30
Q

What does the Posterior Superior Alveolar nerve do & supply?

branch off V2

A
  • Joings with superior dental plexus inferior to max sinus
  • Supplies innervation to:
    1. molar teeth
    2. buccal gingiva
    3. max sinus
30
Q

What goes through the inferior orbital fissure?

A

Inferior orbital nerve

Continuation of V2

31
Q

Explain the infra-orbital n. Location and branches

A
  • lies in infra-orbital groove, exit via infraorbital canal
  • Branches are middle & anterior superior alveolar nerves
32
Q

What do the middle & anterior superior branches off the infra-orbital canal do?

A

join superior alveolar plexus supplies maxillary teeth

33
Q

Infra-orbital nerve

What does the middle superior alveolar nerve supply?

A

Maxiillary sinus

34
Q

What does the anterior superior alveolar nerve supply?

A

Small nasal branch into nasal floor & walls

35
Q

What branchesdoes the end of the infra-orbital nerve divide into? (3). Supply what?

A
  1. Nasal (skin over nose + nasal septum)
  2. Palpebral (lower skin of eyelids)
  3. Superior labial (cheek, upper lip, oral mucosa)
36
Q

What innervates the maxillary teeth?

A
  • Post superior alveolar (branch off V2)
  • Anterior & middle superior alveolar (branch off infraorbital)
37
Q

What provides blood supply to maxillary teeth?

A

3 Branches off Maxillary Artery
1. Posterior
2. Middle
3. Anterior
Alveolar arteries

38
Q

What innervates mandibular teeth?

A

Inferior alveolar nerve (V3 branch, sensory + motor)

39
Q

What is blood supply of the mandibular teeth?

A

Inferior alveolar artery off maxillary artery

40
Q

What is located in the pterygoid canal?

A

Nerve to the pterygoid Canal

Formed by Joining of:
* greater petrossa (branch from CN7)
* *deep petrosal *(branch from internal carotid plexus)

pre ganglionic para sympathetic & post ganglion sympathtic fibers

41
Q

Explain the Greater Petrossal nerve

A

Branch from CN7
* Pre-ganglionic Parasympathetic innervation
* Joins with deep petrosal to form nerve to pterygoid canal

42
Q

What does the parasympathetic innervation of the greater petrosal nerve go?

A
  • mucous glands of nasal cavity
  • salivary glands in upper half of oral cavity
  • lacrimal gland in orbit
  • taste from soft palate
43
Q

Explain the Deep Petrossal nerve

A

Brnach from internal carotid plexus
* Post-ganglionic sympathetic fibers for blood vessles
* Joins with Greater petrosal to form to pterygoid canal

44
Q

Where does the deep petrosal nerve orignate from?

A

Superior cervical sympathetic ganglion that gives off the **internal carotid plexus then deep petrosal **

45
Q

Explain Pterygopaletine Ganglion (PP ganglion)

A
  • Largest of 4 parasympathetic ganglion in head
  • Merging of nerve fibers CN7 and V2
  • Located directly back though nose
46
Q

What are the 3 branches off of the PP ganglion continued off V2?

A
  1. Orbital Branch
  2. Nasopaletine Branch
  3. Pharyngeal branch
47
Q

What does a pterygopalatine ganglion block do?

A

Helps manage oral facial pain & headache.
* Block using a sphenocath through nose allows for direct injection into the nose.

48
Q

How do you Relieves trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias such as
* cluster headache
* migraine
* chronic paroxysmal hemicrania (CPH)
* certain neuralgias

A

Pterygopaletin ganglion block via injection of anesthetic!

49
Q

What does the PP ganglion contain (3 types of nerve fibers)

A
  1. Parasympathetic
  2. Sympathetic
  3. Somatosensory
    Help block sinus related pain & superfical nerve pain
50
Q

What innervates the lacrimal gland?

A
  • Zygomaticotemporal; autonomic nerve
  • General sensory branch off opthalmic Nerve V1
51
Q

Explain maxillary artery and 6 branches

A

primary arterial distribution from ECA
1. Post Sup Alveolar
2. Greater paletine
3. Infra-orbital
4. Pharyngeal
5. Artery of pterygoid canal
6. Spheno paletine artery

52
Q

Maxillary artery branch

supplies blood molars / premolars – adjacent gingivae and maxillary sinus

A

Posterior Superior Alveolar Artery

53
Q

Maxillary artery branch

Supplies blood to structures around the orbital floor

A

Infra-orbital artery

54
Q

Maxillary artery branch

Supplies blood to incisors canines and maxillary sinus

A

Anterior Superior Alveolar Artery

55
Q

Maxillary artery branch

Through palatine canal becomes lesser palatine branch:
supplies:
* soft palate – continues to greater palatine foramen to supply hard palate – to anterior septum of nose

A

Greater Paletine Artery

56
Q

Maxillary artery branch

**supplies blood **
* posterior aspect of roof of nasal cavity
* Sphenoidal sinus
* pharygotympanic tube

A

Pharyngeal branch

57
Q

Maxillary artery branch

Terminal branch of maxillary artery
Supplies:
* Lateral wall of nasal cavity
* Paranasal sinues (septum)

A

Sphenopaletine branch

58
Q

Maxillary Artery branch

at **pterygoid canal **
* supplies surrounding tissues
* fills foramen lacerum
* terminates in mucosa of nasopharynx

A

Artery of pterygoid canal

59
Q

All veins in the PP fossa pass ____ through PP ____ to from the ____ in the infratemporal fossa

A

All veins in the PP fossa pass laterall through PP fissure to from the pterygoid plexus in the infratemporal fossa

60
Q

How does the pterygoid plexus communitcate witht the cavernous sinus?

A

Emmissary veins that comme off the pterygoid plexus and go up into the cavernous sinus

61
Q

What 2 veins join befroe foing to pterygoid plexus?

A

Facial + Deep Facial

62
Q

Where does the pterygoid plexus mainly drain into via what??

A

External jugular via the **retromandibular vein **

63
Q

Where is the pterygoid plexus located

A

Infratemporal fossa; between temporalis m. & lateral pterygoid m.

64
Q

Whre does the external jugular vein drain into?

A

Subclavian vein

65
Q

Where does the cavernous sinus drain?

A

The brains dura

ANT 1001 Lecture (16 decks)

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