Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NMSK 2 > PAIN PATHWAYS AND GATING > Flashcards

PAIN PATHWAYS AND GATING Flashcards

1
Q

What is pain

A

An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with or resembling that associated with actual or potential tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is nociception

A

The reception, conduction and CNS processing of nerve signals from nociceptors resulting in the perception of pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What might affect how pain is perceived

A

Descending controls from the lambic brain such as sleep, fear and anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 2 types of cutaneous pain

A
  • noxious mechanical stimulus

- noxious heat and chemical stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe noxious mechanical stimulus

A
  • A fibre type

- usually form the first response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe noxious heat and chemical stimuli

A
  • C fibre type

- responsible for the lasting pain after an injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe type a nerve fibres

A

Myelinated
Fast conducting
Well localised sharp pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe type c nerve fibres

A

Unmyelinated
Slow
Dull aching pain, not well localised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 2 significant pain pathways

A
  • Spinocervicothalamic tract

- Spinoreticular tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe the spinocervicothalamic tract

A
  • 3 neurons (4 in carnivores)
  • associated with touch and superficial pain
  • discriminatory- cant tell the exact location of pain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the spinooreticular tract

A
  • 3 neurons
  • associated with deep pain and visceral sensations
  • less discriminatory - cant tell exact location of the pain
  • less type a fibres present in this system
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What pain system is associated with the head

A

The trigeminal system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the different types of modulation in the CNS

A
  • peripheral modulation
  • dorsal horn modulation
  • suprasegmental modulation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is allodynia

A

When an innocuous stimulus can be perceived as painful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is hyperalgesia

A

The pain evoked by a noxious stimulus is exaggerated in both amplitude and duration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

List the 4 types of pain

A
  • Nociceptive pain= response to tissue injury
  • Somatic pain= pain experienced in skin, muscle, bones and joints
  • Visceral pain= organ pain (abdominal or thoracic)
  • Neuropathic pain= Neuronal damage resulting on pain
17
Q

Which 2 areas of the brain process pain ? Which aspects do they process?

A

Cortex= location of pain

Limbic brain= emotional response

18
Q

What 4 parts of the brain do the ascending pain pathways connect to ? What do each of them do?

A

Cortex= localisation
Limbic brain= emotional response
Subcortex= cardiovascular, respiratory and behavioral changes
Hypothalamus = fight or flight response

19
Q

What is somatotropy

A

Localisation of pain source

20
Q

How can brain stem impact nociceptive pain

A

enhances pain signal from spinal cord using pronociceptive components. Can also feedback on impulse and reduce pain with antinociceptive components

21
Q

What do descending controls act as

A

the body’s own analgesic

22
Q

What do ascending pathways connect to, to create an unconscious response

A

Subcortical regions

23
Q

What are nociceptors

A

Sensory receptors stimulated by damaging or potentially damaging stimuli (mechanical, chemical or thermal)

24
Q

Describe polymodal receptors

A

sensitive to more than one stimulus modality

25
Q

What are the possible stimuli to nociceptors

A

Thermal
Chemical
Mechanical

26
Q

What is the difference between pain and nociception

A 
Pain= the conscious understanding that something is hurting us 
Nociception = pathways generating the pain response, physiological process that results in perception but for us to "feel" pain we need to be conscious
27
Q

What neurotransmitter regulates pain

A

Seretonin

28
Q

What are the three main properties of pain receptors (nociceptors)

A

Some are polymodal (can be activated by multiple stimuli) some are not
Non- encapsulated nerve endings (peripheral end of sensory neuron)
Two types A (beta/alpha or delta ) or Cfibres

NMSK 2 (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions