ANS Anatomy Flashcards
Describe the autonomic nervous system
- reacts to the current situation to eep the body alive
- made up of two opposing factors = parasympathetic and sympathetic
Where do parasympathetic nerves originate
- the brain = cranial nerves
- the sacral region= pelvic nerves
What do cranial nerves supply
The majority of PS supply to organs
What do pelvic nerves supply
Provide PS supply to pelvic organs
Describe the parasympathetic nervous system
- target specific organs
- responsible for rest and digest
- ganglia lie in/close to effector region
- long pre-ganglionic neuron, short post-ganglionic neuron
Describe the sympathetic nervous system
- whole body experience
- fight or flight
- ganglia close to spinal cord
- short pre-ganglionic neuron, long post-ganglionic neuron
List the organs with parasympathetic supply
- eyes-
- salivary glands
- bronchioles
- heart
- blood vessels
- GI tract
- bladder
What are the main nerves with a parasympathetic supply
- CN 3= Oculomotor nerve
- CN 7= Facial nerve
- CN 9 = Glossopharyngeal nerve
- CN 10= Vagus nerve
- The pelvic and splanchic nerves
What does the oculomotor nerve do in PS
Pupil constriction and lens adaptation (short range vision)
What does the facial nerve do
Supplies the salivary, mucous and lacrimal glands in the head and neck
What does the Glossopharyngeal nerve do
Supplies the parotid salivary gland
What does the vagus nerve supply
Smooth muscle of the airways and GI tract and regulates heart rhythm
What does the pelvic and splanchnic nerves supply
The bladder (detrusor muscle ), rectum and reproductive organs
List the organs with sympathetic supply
- eyes
- bronchioles
- heart
- blood vessels
- adrenal glands
- GI tract
- Bladder
Where do sympathetic nerves originate
The thoraco-lumbar region (T and L vertebrae )
Where do sympathetic go after leaving the spinal cord
They enter the sympathetic trunk which runs parallel to the vertebrae and run to different areas of the body via ganglia
List the ganglia sites within the sympathetic nervous system
- Cranial cervical= supples the head.
- Cerviocothoracic = supplies the neck
- Middle cervical and or the cervicothoracic= supplies the thorax
- Splanchnic nerves the coeliac, cranial mesenteric or caudal meesenteric ganglia = supplies the abdomen
- splanchnic nerve the the caudal mesenteric ganglion = supplies the pelvis
What does the parasympathetic and sympathetic supply doo in the eye
PS= constricts pupils, accommodates lens to focus close up S= pupil dilation
What does the PS and S supply do in the bronchioles
PS= bronchoconstriction S= bronchodilation
What does the PS and S supply do in the heart
PS= decreases heart rate S= increase heart rate and increase force of contraction
What does the PS and S supply do in the blood vessels
PS= vasodilation in SOME vessels S= vasoconstriction (generally speaking = vasodilation in working muscles )
What does the PS and S supply do in the GI tract
PS= increases activity and stimulates secretion S= decreases activity
What does the PS and S supply do in the bladder
PS= urination ( bladder wall constriction, internal sphincter relaxation ) S= urine retention
What is the effect of the PS supply on the salivary glands
Stimulates secretion
What is the effect.of the S supply on the adrenal glands
Secretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline
