Pain Meds

Question 1

Opioid Analgesics (Schedule II)

Examples: Morphine (Roxanol, MS Contin), hydromorphone (Dilaudid), meperidine (Demerol), fentanyl (Sublimaze), Hydrocodone, Codeine, Methadone

Answer 1

Relieve moderate-severe pain by decreasing perception of pain sensations and producing sedation
Action: bind to opiate receptors in the CNS and interrupt the transmission of pain signals. Produces CNS depressions.
S.E: Confusion, sedation, hypotension, CONSTIPATION, RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION, itching, urinary retention

Question 2

Narcotic (Opioid) Antagonist

naloxone (Narcan)

Answer 2

**Reverse CNS depression and respiratory depression from excessive opioid usage.

Action: Block the effects of opioid analgesics from binding with receptors sites or displacing those already on sites.

Question 3

Analgesic-Antipyretic Anti-Inflamatory Drugs (NSAIDSs)

Examples: ASA, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), naproxen (Aleve, Anaprox), Toradol

Answer 3

**Alleviate mild to moderate pain, fever, and inflamation

Action: Inhibit prostaglandin synthesis by inactivating an enzyme (prostaglandin synthetase) necessary for its formation.
S.E: Dyspepsia, nausea, abdominal discomfort, GASTRIC BLEEDING, irritation, ULCERATION.

Question 4

Corticosteroids

Vanceril (oral inhalation)
Vancenase, Flonase, and Beconase (Nasal Inhalation)
Cortone (cortisone)
Decadron (dexamethasone)
Hydrocortone or Cortef (hydrocortisone)
Solu-medrol (methylprednisolone)
Deltasone (prednisone)

Answer 4

• Use: to correct a deficient state in the body, exert an anti-inflammatory, immune-suppressive, anti-allergic, or anti-stress effects.
• Actons: Bind to glucocorticoid receptor in target tissues. The drug-receptor complex moves to the cell nucleus to exert its effect.
• *Should be taken with or after meals**
• *Should not be stopped abruptly**

Question 5

What are some S.E. of steroid therapy?

Answer 5

Cushingoid appearance (moon-face, buffalo hump, obese trunk)
HYPERglycemia
GI effects (bleeding)
Euphoria, Depression
Menstrual Irregularities
Osteoporosis, Pathological Fractures
Fluid Retention, Edema, Hypertension
INCREASED SUSCEPTIBILITY TO INFECTION AND DELAYED WOUND HEALING

Question 6

What are steroids used for?

Answer 6

Allergic to reactions to medications
Collagen disorders (Lupus)
Dermatological disorders (Contact dermatitis)
GI problems (Crohn's)
Cancer
Respiratory disorders (Rhinitis, COPD)
Neurological disorders
Organ and tissue transplant
Renal disease (Characterized by edema)
Rheumatic disorders (Arthritis)
Endocrine disorders