Oral Agents (Endocrine)

Question 1

Sulfonylureas

Answer 1

glipizid (Glucotrol), glyburide (Micronase, Diabeta, Glynase) and glimepiride (Amaryl) Action: Increase insulin prod. from the pancreas *Pancreas has to be healthy *SE. Hypoglycemia, weight gain

Question 2

Meglitinides

Answer 2

repaglinide (Prandin), nateglinide (Starlix) Action: Increase insulin prod. from the pancreas *rapid absorbed and eliminated *reduced potential for hypoglycemia *30 prior meal or during the meal, SKIP if SKIP meal

Question 3

Biguanides

Answer 3

metoformin (Glucophage) *Used alone or with other OA Action: 1. Reduces glucose production by the liver 2.Increases insulin sensitivity at tissues level 3.Improves transport of glucose into the cells *Doesn’t promote weight gain *USED for PREDIABETES *Increases egg production in women (contraceptives)

Question 4

Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitors (Starch blockers)

Answer 4

acarbose(Precose) or miglitol (Glyset) Action: Work to slow down the absorption of carbs *Taken at the first bite of a meal *Check BG at 2 hr mark after a meal for effectiveness

Question 5

Oral Diabetic Drugs

• Diabinese and Orinase
• Glucotrol (Increase tissue responsiveness to insulin)
• Glucophage
• Avandia

Answer 5

Use: lower blood sugar levels in non-insulin dependent diabetes

Action:

1. _Stimulate beta cells _ to produce and release more insuline
2. _Increase tissue responsiveness _ to insulin and increase peripheral use of glucose.
3. Decrease production of glucose in the liver

​**S.E: **Hypoglycemia

Question 6

Thyroid Drugs

1. Synthroid

Answer 6

**Purpose: **Replace deficient thyroid hromones T3 and T4 in HYPOthyroidism or clients who have had their thyroid gland removed.

**Action: **

1. Control rate of cellular metabolism.
2. Stimulate protein synthesis
3. Promote cell growth

**S.E: **Nervousness, Tachycardia, Intolerance to heat, Weight loss, Insomnia, Diarrhea, Angina, MI, CHF