Pages 526-530

Question 1

MCC of obstructive hydronephrosis in fetus

Answer 1

failure of canalization of uretroperlvic JXN

Question 2

A neonate has just been born and looks abnormal at birth. He has low set ears. His GFR is very low. What si the possible Dx, and symptoms associated with it

Answer 2

P ulmonary Hypoplasia (MC cause of death)
O ligohydramnios
T wisted face
T wisted skin
E xtremity defects 
R enal Failure

Question 3

A 1 year old boy comes in with severe abdominal pain, and has had a prolonged Hx of malabsorption. The physician diagnoses ischemia of the bowels. He is also irritated that the OB/GYN missed something on the fetal ultrasound. The CT scan shows a drastic abnormality leading to an obstruction in the abdomen. WHat is the Dx?

Answer 3

Horseshoes kidney leading to IMA impingement leading to ischemia of the bowels

Question 4

Compare and contrast Multicystic dysplastic kidneys and Duplex collecting System?

Answer 4

MCKD and DCS both have abnormal interactions of the ureteric bud leading to congenital rnal pathologies.

MCKD: abnormal intrxn b/w ureteric bud and mesenchyme. Leads to non functioning kidney with cysts with contralateral hypertrophy

DCS: abnormal movement of ureteric bud to metenephric blastemia creating bifid ureter –> causes increased risk of obstruction and UTIs

Question 5

A 30 year old labor induced female is going through a C section for her twins. After successfully giving birth, excessive bleeding is observed and the OB/GYN does a hysterectomy. What is a key finding she has to worry about when doing the procedure in order to avoid complications?

Answer 5

Water under the bridge. Ligation fo the uterine artery and not confuse it with the ureter.