Pages 407-411

Question 1

MOA of Aspirin

Answer 1

Irreversible COX inhibitior by acetylation –> decreased PG –> dec plt aggregation , inc BT

Question 2

ASA Toxicity in children?

Answer 2

Reye syndrome

Question 3

Will ASA affect PT or PTT?

Answer 3

Neither, only BT

Question 4

Early symptoms of ASA overdose

Answer 4

Hyperventilation leading to Resp Alkalosis

Question 5

Late symptoms of ASA overdose

Answer 5

mixed metabolic acid/resp alk

Question 6

Common side effect of ADP receptor blockers?

Answer 6

Neutropenia

Question 7

monoclonal Ab against GP IIb/IIIa?

Answer 7

AbCIXimab (2 times 3 = six)

Question 8

Uses of Cilostazlo/Dipyridamole

Answer 8

1) Intermittent claudication
2) Prevention of Stroke/transient ischemic attacks
3) Prophylaxis in Angina
4) Coronary Vasodilation

Question 9

What is the only G2 phase antineoplastic drug and its MOA?

Answer 9

Bleomycin: causes DNA strand breakage in tumor cells

Question 10

Name the antineoplastic drug which causes pancytopenia, and the cancer against it is used?

Answer 10

Cytarabrine used for AML and lymphomas

Question 11

Name the cancer drug and its metabolite which is contraindicated in gout therapy? Why?

Answer 11

Azathioprine gets metabolized into 6-Mercaptopurine and both are metabolized by Xanthin oxidase. Allopurinol/ Febuxostat increase 6-MP levels leading to GI and liver tox

Question 12

Name the cancer drug and MOA that treats abnormal B cells with hair like projections which stain for tartarate resistant acid phosphatase?

Answer 12

Cladribine (2-CDA) is a purine analog which inhibits DNApol and causes DAN strand breakage

DOC for Hairy Cell Leukemia

Question 13

This drug can be used topically for this cancer? MOA please

Answer 13

5 Fluorouracil used for Basal cell carcinoma

MOA: 5FU acts as a pyrimidine analog and inhibits thymidylate synthase by converting into a suicide inhibitor 5F-dUMP

Question 14

Indication (4) of methotrexate and MOA?

Answer 14

MOA: MTX inhibits Dihydrofolate Reductase which indirectly inhibits Thymidylate Synthase

1) MTX treats cancers such as ALL, lymphoma, choricarcinoma
2) Ectopic pregnancy/ Abortion(w/ PGE2 analog)
3) Psoriatic & Rheumatoid Arthritis
4) Tx for Vasculitis

Question 15

Which 2 previous drug cause reversible vs irreversible myelosuppression? HOW???

Answer 15

MTX inhibits folate production which can be replenished by leucovorin (Folate analog)

BUT

5-FU forms suicide inhibitor 5F-dUMP (covalent bond with folic acid) and can’t be replenished by leucovorin

Question 16

This famous drug is used for many childhood cancers. Name drug, MOA, and 3 cancers it treats?

Answer 16

Actinomycin D (dactinomycin): intercalates in DNA

Cancers Tx for:

1) Wilms tumor
2) Ewing sarcoma
3) Rhabdomyosarcoma

Question 17

This antineoplastic has adverse effects to the heart?Name the drug, the toxicity it causes, and the antidote to it?

Answer 17

Doxorubicin/Danorubicin leads to Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM)

Cardiotoxicity can be prevented by DEXRAZOXANE (Iron chelator)

Question 18

Name 3 cancer drugs that cause pulmonary fibrosis

Answer 18

MTX, Busulfan, Bleomycin

Question 19

Myelosuppression is a detrimental side effect of antineoplastic therapy. This famous Hodgkin’s Disease drug causes very little bone marrow suppression?

Answer 19

Bleomycin

Question 20

This alkylating agent has a specific site of cross linking DNA, and require activation? Name the drug, site of crosslinking, and where is it activated?

Answer 20

Cyclophosphamide: crosslinks DNA on the Guanine at the N-7 position. It needs to be bioactivated by the liver.

Question 21

A 55 yr old lymphoma pt is started on an alkylating agent. A week later he starts complaining of blood in his urine? Name the Dx, and the metabolite of this drug that caused it? How could this have been prevented?

Answer 21

The pt has hemorrhagic cystitis caused by the Cyclophosphamide. Cyclophosphamide gets converted into the toxic metabolite Acrolyn and could have been prevented by administering Mesna

Question 22

This antineoplastic Tx is favorable for tumors that make you THINK really hard to the point of liquefying your Noodle? Name the class of drugs, and why is it favorable in this particular mental situation?

Answer 22

Nitrosoureas (like stretozocin and ending w/ -mustine) can pass the BBB. Can be used for CNS tumors such as Glioblastoma multiforme

Question 23

These drugs inhibit microtubule depolymerization. Which cancers are they used for?

Answer 23

Taxols like paclitaxel are indicated for ovarian and breast tumors

Question 24

These drugs inhibit microtubule polymerization. Name the two antineoplastics and the cancers they are used for?

Answer 24

Vinblastine for Hodgkins

Vincristine for NHL

Question 25

How can the Platin caused nephrotoxicity be prevented?

Answer 25

Chloride saline diuresis w/ administeration of Amifostine (FR scavenger)

Question 26

The (-tecan) group of drugs mingle with the unwinding of the DNA in tumor cells causing cell cycle arrest. Name the topisomerase inhibited, and two examples with the cancers they treat?

Answer 26

Topoisomerase I is inhibited

1) Irinotecan treats Colon Cancer
2) Topotecan treats Ovarian and sm CC of the lung

Question 27

MOA of the topside drugs and indications

Answer 27

Etoposide inhibits totpisomerase II

Used in Tx of:

1) Testicular cancer
2) Sm CC of Lung
3) Leukemia/Lymphoma

Question 28

This S phase specific antineoplastic drug can be beneficial to Sickle Cell patients? Name the drug and how does it help them?

Answer 28

Hydroxyurea inhibits Ribonucelotide Reductase and can be used for Tx of Melanoma and CML pts. On the contrary, it has an alternate mechanism in promoting HbF molecules in SCA pts who are suffering from crisis symptoms of dactylitis