pages 43-44 of USA A5 booklet (What caused McCarthyism?) Flashcards
Where did Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin all meet to discuss how to deal with Germany once the war is won?
They met at the Yalta and Potsdam conferences in February and July 1945.
Why were there disagreements when Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin all met to discuss Germany’s punishment?
There were disagreements over how harshly to deal with Germany.
Where did the Soviet Union takeover during 1945-48?
The Soviet Union took over Eastern Europe.
What was the cause that led Stalin to take over most of Eastern Europe?
At both the Yalta and Potsdam conferences, Stalin asked for a “sphere of influence” over countries in Eastern Europe to protect the USSR from future invasion. Whilst the USA and Britain initially agreed, Stalin interpreted this as being able to take over these countries.
Between 1945-1948 which countries did Stalin takeover?
Between 1945-48, Stalin took over countries such as Poland, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary and Romania, putting communists in charge.
What speech did Truman give in 1947?
In 1947 Truman gave the Truman Doctrine.
What did Truman say in the Truman Doctrine?
Truman said “For every communist action, there would be an equal American action.”
Why did Truman give the Truman Doctrine?
He was concerned about Stalin’s takeover of Eastern Europe.
What followed the Truman Doctrine of 1947?
The Marshall Plan of 1948 followed the Truman Doctrine.
How much money did the Marshall Plan give Western European countries to protect themselves from communism?
The Marshall Plan in 1948 gave $17 billion to Western European countries to protect them from communism.
When was the Berlin Blockade and Berlin Airlift?
1948-1949
When did Stalin begin the blockade of West Berlin, and why?
In June 1948, Stalin began a blockade of West Berlin in an attempt to take it from US control.
What did the allies do in response to the Berlin Blockade?
The allies began an airlift to provide millions of tonnes of supplies to prevent the people in West Berlin being starved into submission.
\When did Stalin call off the Berlin Blockade, and why?
Stalin called off the blockade in May 1949 because he realised he couldn’t defeat the USA over this issue.
What happened in 1949?
In 1949 China became communist and the USSR developed the atom bomb.
What did the USA form in 1949?
The USA set up the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) in 1949.
What was NATO?
NATO was a military alliance of capitalist powers against the growing threat of the USSR and the spread of communism.
What did members of NATO all agree to do?
Members of NATO agreed to defend each other against an attck from the USSR.
When was the Korean War?
1950-1953.
When did North Korea invade South Korea?
In June 1950, North Korea invaded South Korea and the USA came to the aid of South Korea, fighting a war until July 1953.
What made the USA even more worried about the strength of communism?
Communist China helped North Korea during the war and this made the USA even more worried about the strength of communism around the world.
When had the USA already experienced a Red Scare?
The USA had already experienced a Red Scare in 1919.which led to mistrust and mistreatment of outsiders (particularly immigrants). This fear continued to grow into the late 1930s and 1940s.
Why were people becoming more scared of communism?
As Stalin took over Eastern Europe by 1948, China turned communist in 1949 and the Korean War broke out in 1950, people began to fear the spread of communism to their country.
Who did Americans begin to suspect?
Americans began to suspect anyone who didn’t show the “American values” of patriotism, freedom, enterprise and labelled them communist sympathisers.
