page 198-207 Flashcards
thcik strt sq
keratinized
stippling seen
mast. gingiva
thick strat sq.
keratinized
hard palate masticory
thin submucsa
hard palate masticatory
bucal mucosa
lips
ventral tongue
indistinct submucosa
gingiva masticory
taste bud
thin strat sq
non ker.
soft palate lining
thing strat sq
alv mucosa
floor of mouth
thick submucsa
soft palate
alveolar mucosa and floor of mouth
thick strat sq
nonker..
buccal mucosa
thin strat sq keratinized
lips
ventral tongue
thin strat sq
nonker
dorsal tongue
thick strat sq
both ker. and non ker.
taste buds
indistinct submucosa
dorsal tongue
fre attache ging.
located coronal to attached gingiva and is sep. from tooth structure by ging sulcus
interdental papila
triangular portion of free ging. located in interprox. embrasure b/n teeth just apical to contact areas
ging. col
depression in interdental ging. connecting buccal and lijngual papilla immediately apical to contact areas of adjacent teeth.
ep. is nonker. and its presense is based on presense of interdental contact
dentoging junction
attachment of gingiva to tooth
ep and CT
DGJ
formed as oral ep. fuses with REE during tooth eruption.
as tooth reaches fully erupted position, cell of the junc. ep.
replace those of REE
DGJ
sulcular ep.
strat. sq. non ker. ep. w/o rete pegs that extends from ging. margin to junc. ep.
lines the ging sulcus
junctinal ep.
strat to sigle layer nonker ep. w/o rete pegs that adhere to tooth surface at base of sulcus
provides ep. attachment to tooth.
have higher turnover rates and larger intercell spaces than sulcus and ging. ep.
junct. ep
ext. basal lamina
Junctional ep
attaches to underlying CT as elsewhere in body
attaches to cementum via hemidesmosome
doesnt have type 4 coll.
internal basal lamina
dentoging. CT
type 1 colagen makes up bulk of CT
fibroblast, leukocyte, mast ccell, elastic fibrin, PG, glycoproteins
DG CT
ging. fiber group
support ging. and aid in attachment in alv bone and teeth
continuous with PDL
resist ging. displacment
found at ging level
ging fiber groups
DG fibers
fan lateral from cementum into adjacent CT
alveolar fibers
fan coraonally from alveolar crest into adjacet CT
dentoperiosteal fibers
extend from cementum over the alveolar crest, and turn apically to insert into periosteum of buccal side of alv. bone
circumferential fibers
surround tooth in ciruclar fashion
help prevent rotational forces
located in lamina propia of marginal ging.
55; 45 cemenetum
mineral comp.; organic com of cementum
70;30
mineral ; organi compostiion of dentin
96;4
mineral to organic of enamel
50;50
mineral; organic of alv bone
5;95
mineral ; organic pulp
ectomes. (neural crest)
dentin
cementum
alv bone
pulp
ectoderm derived
enamel
ameloblast
enamel
odontoblast
dentin and alv bone
cementoblast
cementum
fibroblast and mesenchymal
pulp
dental follicle
cementum and alv bone
dental pap.
dentin
pulp
IEE
enamel
connective tisue
dentin
cementum
alv bone
pulp
epithelial
enamel
repair
dentin
cementum
remodeling
alv bone
no viability
enamel
has viability
pulp
neonatal retzius
enamel
neonatal owen von ebner
dentin
resting inc. line
cementum
resting reversal
alv bone
no inc. line
pulp
no sensitivity
cementum
enamel
has sensitivity
dentin
alv bone
pulp
pdl ; pulp
nutrition supply for dentin; cementum
vesel
alv bone and pulp
no ntritive supply
enamel
elastic avasc. mineralized tissue harder thanbone but softer than enamel
dentin
yellow color
dentin
diff. ectomes. clls of dental papilla
origin
odontoblast elongate and the organelles become polarizedd by ameloblatic induction
dentinogenesis
dentin matrix formed by odontoblast starts at DEJ and prgresses inward to eventual pulp.
mantle dentin formation
dentin atrix 1t produced
type 1 collagen and ground substance known as predentin
as odontoblast retreat inwar , leave cyt. extnensions called
dentinal tubules house
odontoblastic proceesses( form channel from DEJ to pulp)
odontoblastic processes
matrix vesicles containing Ca which chrystalize and rupture
act as a bidus for formation of hydroxy apetite crystal in and around the organic dentin matrix
crystal from the odontoblastic processes
iitial 150 micrometers of dentin =
mantle dentin
circumpulpal dnetin formation
once mantle dentin formed odontoblast begin to secrete collagen fibrils perpendicular to odontoblastic processes as well as other other organic substances such as lipids phospholipids , phosphoprotiens
mineralization occcurs by globular calcification by wich globules of HA fuse to form calcified mass.
when failed to fuse leave hypomin. interglobular dentin in b/n
odontblastic processes shrink in width ; providing space for hyper mineralized peritbular dentin to form
if several adjacent dentinal tubules become occluded with peritub. dentin …takes on glassy appearance called sclerotic dentin
interntubular dentin
most of circumpulpal dentin produced in b/n tubules
dead tracts
group of necrotic odontoblastic processes w/in dentinal tubules
reparative dentin
formed at specific sites of injury
type 1 and 3 collagen
in matrix are produced by difff. odontoblast like cells
from pulp
tubular pattern
distorted due to inc. rate of its formation
first 150 microm of dentin formed
mantle dentin
closest to enamel and cementum
mantle
all dentin formed thereafter until tooth formationis complete
circumpulpal
reparative dentin
formed in responce to trauma
results from calcification of dentinal tubules as onesages over time
helps prevent pulpal irritation
sclerotic dentin
primary root formation
formed before root completeion
tubule are most regular
secondary root formation
formed after root completion
but not in responce to trauma
tert. dentin
formed in responce to trauma
tubules are least regular
peritubular dentin
hyper miner. dentin formed within the perimeter of dentinal tubules as odontoplastic processes shrinkk
intertubular dentin
hypomin. dentin b/n dentinal tubules and makes up bulk of dnetin formed
interglobular dentin
hypomin. dentin located b/n improperly fused HA globules
cornal dnetin
contain hypomin. interglob. dentin
contain dead tract
coronal dentin
may contain hypomin. tomes granular layer
radicular dentin
daily imb. line of von ebner
daily periodic bands
contour lines of owen
wide ringx produced by met. disturbances during odontogenesis that run perpendicular to dentinal tubules
neonatal lines
more pronounced contour line of OWen formed durign physiologic trauma at birth
aging effects on dentin
inc. sclerotic dentin
inc. reparative dentin formation
inc. dead tracts
dentinal hypersensitivity
my. nerve fibers have been found in dentinal tubules which can be stim. directly
changes in den. tubules fluid pressure may afect pulpal nerve fibers directly or cause damage to odontblast releasing mediators in pulp.
den. imperfecta
AD
defects in dentin formation
teeth exhibit an opalescenet colot and bulb shaped crowns
dentin abnormally soft and pulp chambers are obliterated
type 1 DI
occurs with OI
(blue sclera)
type 2 DI
not ass. with OI
type 3 DI
rare form exhibiting multiple pulp exposrues of primary dentin
dentin dysplasia
AD defect in dentin formation and pulp morphology. tooth color is normal and often called rootless teeth because root dentin is usually affected more often than coronal dentin .
Roots are short, blunt or absent
enamel
most calcified and brittle substnace in human body
color range from yellow to grayish white
semitranslucent
diff. ectodermal cellfs of inner enamel ep.
origin
ameloblast elongate and the organelles become polarized be4 the same occurs to odontoblast
amelogenesis
enamel matrix made by ameloblasts
vertically perpendicularly to DEJ and progress outward to tooth structure.
oldest enamel
at DEJ underlying cusp or cingulum
ameloblastic activty
starts immediately after mantle dentin formation
as ameloblast retreat
tomos process form around which enamel matrix proteins are secreted , most of which are almost immediately partially mineralized to form enamel matrix
determines structure and morphology of tooth
final mineralization
happens with inorg. ions influx and removal of protein and water by cyclic ameloblastic activyt forming hydroxyapetite crystal
HA crystal accum.
tightly stacked in elong units called enamel rods.
rodss surrounded by rod sheath and separated by interorod substance that made up of HA crystals aligned in diff. direction than rods themselves
each keyhole shape enamel rod
formed by 4 ameloblast (1 for head
3 for tail)
at cusp tip enamel rods
are more twisted and intertwined in formation known as gnarled enamel
enamel matures
outer enamel ep , stratum int, stellate retic. colapse onto ameloblastic layer forming the REE
REE worn away after tooth eruption and replaced by
salivary pellicle
(hemidesmosome also produced and provide ep attachment o tooth)
daily imb. line
daily periodic bands
more pronounce weekly periodic bands
striae of retzius
shallow depression (perikymata)
formed on enamel surface where these lines reach tooth surface
perikymata
disappear with age due to attrition of raised areas b/n them
neonatal line
more apparent stria of Retzius formed during the physiologic trauma of birth
hunter schreger bands
alt. light and dark zones produced only as optical phenomena during light microscopy of long. ground section
enamel tufts
hypocalc. fan shaped enamel proteins projecting a short distance into enamel
namel llamellae
hypocalc. enamel deficits that can extend all the way to enamel surface
consist of enamel protien or oral debris
enamel spindles
trapped odontoblastic processed in enamel
Age; attritiion
enamel wear by mast. forces
Age; discoloration
becomes darker as more dentin visible
less permeability with age
enamel crystals have accepted more ions esp. fluorid
color of enamel depends on thickness
b/c it is translucent
more translucent enamel is
more yellow it appears b/c underlying dentin more visible
tetracycline
inc. into mineralizing tissues by chelation to divalent cations–> leads to browninsh graybanding within enamel. Drugs from this family shouldnt be giver until age 8.
deformities of enamel
AI (AD or AR enamel defects)
hypoplastic
enamel has abnormal thickness or pitting but normal hardness.
defect in enamel matrix formation
hypocalcified
enamel has normal thickness but soft and chalky.
defect in enamel minerlaization
hypomaturation
enamel has normal thickness, but abnormal hardness
milf forms–> snow capped incisal edges
severe forms–> lose translucency. defect in enamel maturation
enamel hypoplasia
enamel hard but deficient in amount.
caused by defective or altered enamel matrix formation.
can be acquired or developmentally induced
fluorosis
enamel is selectively permeable to h20 nd certain ions.
allows fluoride to concentrate in enamel apetite forming fluoroapetite(highly resistant to acid dissolution)
enamel motting and brownish pigmentation
fluoride conc. > 5 parts per million(affect ameloblasic
enamel matrix secretion)
nut. deficiency
vit A,C,D and Ca often lea to enamel pitting
febrile disease at time of amelogenesis can halt enamel formation leaving bands of malformed surface enamel
infection of enamel
cong. syphilis
causes incisors(hutchinsons incisor) to look screwdriver shaped and molars to look globular (mulberry molarS)
Pulp
soft Ct that supports dentin and is contained inside the pulp chamber of tooth
communicates to periodontal tissues via apical foramen and ass. canal
Pulp
