Paeds Flashcards
What major complication can Kawasaki disease lead to?
Coronary artery aneurysm
How is Kawasaki disease managed?
Aspirin + Immunoglobulin
How is severe nappy rash managed?
1% hydrocortisone
Imidazole if candida
Autosomal dominant are often metabolic and recessive often structural. T or F
False. Recessive = Metabolic. Dom = Structural
Which structural disorder is AR and not AD
Frederichs ataxia
Which ages are children immunised for against whooping cough?
2, 3, 4 months and 3-5 years
When should antibiotics be given for whooping cough and which one?
Onset of cough < 21 days
Macrolide (-mycin)
Women during what period of gestation are offered the whooping cough vaccine?
16-32 weeks
Hirschprungs disease is characterised by what?
Aganglionic bowel
What is the clinical triad of shaken baby syndrome?
Retinal haemorrhages
Subdural haematoma
Encephalopathy
Which hearing test is offered to newborns?
Otoacoustic emissions test
If the otoacoustic emissions test is abnormal, what test happens next?
Auditory brainstem response test
Which is the most common cause of bacterial pneumonia in children?
S. pneumoniae
What is the treatment of pneumonia in children?
- Amoxocillin
- Macolide + amoxicillin
Hand preference before what age is abnormal?
12 months
Which drug is given to neonates with a patent ductus arteriosus?
Indomethacin / ibuprofen
Which drug keeps the ductus arteriosus open?
Prostaglandin E1
When is the heel prick test done?
5-9 days post birth
What are the features of innocent murmurs?
soft, symptomless, standing/sitting, systolic, short
What are the types of innocent mumurs in children?
Still’s
Venous hum
Symptoms and management of scarlet fever
sore throat. coarse rash, red tongue, fever
Phenoxymethylpenicillin or azithromycin
What is the most common complication of Scarlett fever?
Otitis media
What are the 4 features of TOF
VSD
Overriding aorta
RV outflow obstruction
RVH
Which way is the shunt in TOF
R to L
Cause of acute epiglottis
HI type B
Pathology in Perthes disease
Avascular necrosis of the hip
Characteristic rash in roseola infantum
rash AFTER fever
Where does a measles rash classically start
behind the ears
Difference in fever characteristics parvo vs roseola
parvo mid
roseola high
What causes roseola
human herpes 6
Most common cause of croup
Parainfluenza virus 1+2
Gap between live virus injections
4 weeks
When is the MMR vaccine administered
12-15 months
3-4 years
The measles virus is RNA
True
ABG in pyloric stenosis
Raised HCO3
Low chlor
Low k
F > M risk in DDH
True
Features of the murmur in PDA
Continuous
Machinery like
Subclavicular
Large volume collapsing pulse
Characteristic rash in JIA
Salmon pink
Characteristic rash in JIA
Salmon pink
When is the pertussis vaccine given
2 3 4 months
3-5 years
Pregnant 16-32 weeks
Management of childhood asthma
- SABA
- SABA ICS
- SABA ICS LTRA
- SABA ICS LABA
- SABA MART
Management of childhood asthma
- SABA
- SABA ICS
- SABA ICS LTRA
- SABA ICS LABA
- SABA MART
Hand preference before which age is abnormal?
12 month
Which are the cyanotic heart disease?
Tricuspid atresia
Tranposition
Tetralogy
Trunks arteriosus
Think CT - cyanotic Ts
Risk factors for surfactant lung disease
Male
maternal DM
Oligohydramnios
C section
Prematurity
In X linked recessive inheritance, only males are affected
True
Male to male transmission is not seen in X linked recessive conditions
True
Homozygous women transfer x linked inherited conditions
False. Heterozygous females transfer a 50% risk to males and a 50% carrier risk to females
Knee pain, swelling and locking
Osteochondirtis dissecans
Which syndromes can cause obesity in chidlren
Down’s, Cushing’s, Prader Willi
Partial seizures at night
Benign Rolandic epilepsy
When is the 6 in 1 vaccine given
2, 3 and 4 months
When is MenB vaccine given?
2, 4, 12 months
When is the rotavirus vaccine given?
2 and 3 months
Pneumococcal vaccine ages
3 months, 12 months, 65y
Influenza B vaccine age
1 year
Exclusion period in scarlet fever
24hrs after abx
Exclusion period in HFM disease
None
Exclude until lesions are crusted and healed, or 48 hours after commencing abx treatment
Impetigo
What type of inheritance does haemophilia A have
X linked recessive
Infectivity and incubation period of Chickenpo
Infectivity - 4 days before rash until 5 days after it goes
Incubation - 10-21 days
Age of onset Perthes disease
4-8
Which are the common causes of meningitis in neonatal to 3 month old?
Group B strep
E coli
Listeria
Treatment of whooping cough
Macrolide if cough within 21days
Clarithromycin if < 1m
Azith or clarith >1m + not pregnant
Erythromycin if pregnant
