Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MSRA General > Endo > Flashcards

Endo Flashcards

1
Q

HBA1C target in T1DM

A

48

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

CBG targets in T1DM

A

5-7 waking
4-7 before meals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Clinical triad in Primary Hyperaldosteronism

A

Hypertension
Hypokal
Metabolic alkalosis (high bicarb)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

First line investigation in primary hyperaldosteronism

A

aldosterone/renin ratio

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Impaired fasting glucose levels

A

> =6.1 < 7.0 = IFG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Impaired glucose tolerance

A

fasting glucose < 7
OGTT >=7.8 < 11.1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How often should A1C be checked in T2DM

A

3-6 months > stable > 6 monthly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are HBA1C targets for lifestyle, lifestyle + metformin, use of nay drug which can cause hypoglycaemia

A

Lifestyle - 48 (6.5)
Lifestyle + metformin - 48 (6.5)
Hypo drug 53 (7)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which drug should be added to metformin in the first line management to T2DM and under what circumstances?

A

SGLT-inhibitor

High risk / established CVD or chronic heart failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which are the SGL2 inhibtors

A

-flozins (think glucose floze out)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which drug class are ‘the gliptins’

A

DPP4 inhibitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How do sGL2 inhibitors work

A

Blocks SGL2 enzymes in the kidney = no glucose reuptake

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

DPP4i MOA

A

blocks incretin > increased insulin secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which diabetic drug class have drugs which end in -ide

A

sulfonylureas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

This drug increases insulin production and secretion from the pancreas by binding K channels

A

sulfonylureas (-ide)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is th next step in a patient who is allergic to metformin?

A

either SLT2 mono therapy if there is CVD/CHF
or
DPP4i , pioglitazone, sulfonyurea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which drugs end in -tide

A

GLP1 mimetics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

When should GLP1s be used

A

When insulin is contraindicated due to employment or if bMI > 35

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the side effects of pioglitazone (thiazolidenediones)

A

weight gain
lIver impairment
fluid retention > not to be used in heart failure
fracture risk
bladder ca

20
Q

What are the diagnostic criteria for T2DM

A

symptomatic FASTING >= 7
symptomatic RANDOM >=11
A1C > 48

21
Q

Which conditions do not allow for diagnosis of T2DM with A1C only

A

haemoglobinopathies
haemolytic anaemia
untreated iron def
gestational diabetes
children
hiv
ckd
anything that causes hyperglycaemia

22
Q

Which drugs can cause gynacomastia

A

ranitidine
isoniazid
digoxin
spiro (most common cause)
GnRH agonists (goserelin)

23
Q

Which drug can cause glaactorrhoea

A

chlorpromazine
metoclopramide
domperidone
haloperidol

24
Q

From lowest to highest glucocorticoid activity - steroids

A

Low

fludro
hydro
pred
dex / betamethasone

High

25
Q

Which patient should be started on 25mcg of levothyroxine?

A

> 50
Severe hypothyroidism
Cardiac disease

26
Q

How much should the dose of levo be increased by in pregnancy?

A

25-50mcg

27
Q

Side effects of levo

A

hyperthyroidism
low bone mineral density
angina
AF

28
Q

How does carbimazole work?

A

Blocks thyroid peroxidase

29
Q

Which conditions can increase the A1C level

A

B12/folate def
iron def
splenectomy

30
Q

Treatment of proalactinomas

A
  1. medical therapy with dopamine agonists (cabergoline, bromocriptine)

2, Surgery if cannot tolerate or fail to respond to medical therapy

31
Q

Which drug can reduce the absorption of levo

A

iron/calcium

32
Q

Why should amitryptiline not be issued if there is BPH

A

increased risk of urinary retention

33
Q

Clinical features of Addisons

A

hyperpigmentation
hyperkalaemia

hypotension
hyponatraemia

jf Kennedy had addisons

34
Q

Investigation for addisons

A

short synachten test (ACTH stmulation test)

35
Q

PTH levels in primary hyperparathyroidism

A

high or normal

36
Q

Electrolyte findings in primary hyperPTH

A

high Ca
low ph

37
Q

Addisons is also known as what

A

primary HYPOaldosteronism

38
Q

Primary Hyperaldosteronism is also known as what

A

Conn’s

39
Q

C peptide levels are low in T1DM T or F

A

True

40
Q

Typical presentation of myxoedema coma

A

confusion and hypothermia

41
Q

Features of addisonian crisis

A

malaise
nv
ado pain
muscle cramps
paraesthesia

42
Q

Management of acromegaly

A
  1. Trans sphenoidal surgery
  2. Octreotide (somatostatin analogue)
43
Q

Pioglitazone should not be prescribed in which situations

A

heart failure

44
Q

Which drug can mask the symptoms of hypoglycaemia

A

beta blockers

45
Q

sulfonylureas can case weight gain

A

true

46
Q
A

MSRA General (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions