paeds Flashcards
Normal BP, HR, RR and temp for newborn
BP- 73/55
HR - 80-180
RR- 30-80
Temp - 36.8
Normal BP, HR, RR and temp for 1-3 years
BP - 90/55
HR - 80-140
RR - 20-40
Temp - 37.7
Normal BP, HR, RR and temp for 6-8 years
BP - 95/75
HR- 75-120
RR - 15-25
Temp - 37
Normal BP, HR, RR and temp for 10 year olds
BP - 102/62
HR - 75-110
RR - 15-25
Temp - 37.7
what does HEEADSSS Assessment stand for
H - Home - home situation, family life, relationships and stability:
E - Education/ Employment - sense of belonging at school/work and relationships with teachers/peers/ workmates; changes in performance; identify possible bullying
E- Eating and Exercise - how they look after themselves, eating and sleeping patterns:
What do you usually eat for breakfast/lunch/dinner?
A - Activities and Peer Relationships - social and interpersonal relationships, risk taking behaviour, attitudes about themselves:
D - Drug use/Cigarettes/Vaping and Alcohol - context of substance abuse (if any) and risk taking behaviours:
S - Sexuality - Knowledge, understanding, experience, gender identity, sexual orientation and sexual practices:
S - Suicide/Self-harm/Depression/Mood - Risk of mental health problems, strategies for coping and available support:
S - Safety - Risk taking behaviours and environment:
Peads legislations - Children’s act 2014
- consent to procedures, child’s welfare and best interests, family violence
Peads legislations - children’s and young people commission act 2022
encouraging children’s and young people’s participation and voices by
- promoting them to make decisions about their lives
Peads legislations list some acts -
- Domestic violence act 1995
- Ora Tamariki act 1989 = set out procedures for the removal of abused children from their parent’s care
- children’s act 2014
- children’s and young people commission act 2022
NZ 4 health targets for children
- children should have their needs met
- child health and disability and support services should be available close to them
- Child health and disability and support services should be focussed on the child and family
- Child health and disability and support services should work together to benefit the child
5 types of child abuse
- physical harm
- sexual harm
- neglect or deprivation
- emotional
- preventing illness treatment
4 Infectious diseases in children
- Rotavirus - faecal or oral transmission
- E-coil = foodborne pathogens
- whooping cough - droplets
- croup - droplets
5 Common chronic conditions children
- diabetes
- chrohn’s or UC
- epilepsy
- scoliosis
- Down syndrome
Calculate fluid replacement in children
Jenna is a 7-year-old girl requiring maintenance fluid prior to her appendectomy. Her weight is 22kg.
Weight Fluid (mL/kg/day)
0-10kg (first 10kg) = 100
11-20kg (second 10kg) = 50
>21kg (third 10kg and greater) = 20
Fluids (mL/kg/hour)
0-10kg (first 10kg) = 4
11-20kg (second 10kg) = 2
>21kg (third 10kg and greater) = 1
Fluid maintenance for Jenna may be calculated per day:
(100 x 10) + (50 x 10) + (20 x 2) = 1540 mL/kg/day = 64 mL/hour
Fluid maintenance may also be calculated per hour:
(4 x 10) + (2 x 10) + (1 x 2) = 62 mL/hour
Average urine output for infants, children and adolescents
infants urine volume = 2ml/kg/hr
* child’s urine volume = 1-2/ml/kg/hr
* adolescent’s urine volume = 0.5-1ml/kg/hr
Respiratory distress paeds S+S
- tachypnoea (rapid breathing)
- alertness changes
- decreased oxygen saturation
- nasal flaring
- wheezing
Asthma inhaler device for under 2 years
- pressurised metered dose inhalers (pMDI), small volume spacer
& mask
Asthma inhaler device for 2-4 years
- pressurised metered dose inhalers (pMDI) and spacer
Asthma inhaler device for 5-7 years
- pressurised metered dose inhalers (pMDI) & spacer
Asthma inhaler device for 8-11 years
- pressurised metered dose inhalers (pMDI) & spacer
- Dry powder device
- breath-activated device
CPR for an infant, child and adult
infant
-30 compressions using two fingers and 2 breaths
Child
- 30 compressions one hand, 2 breaths
adults
- 30 compressions with two hands, 2 breaths
What is a grommet
- tube put into ear due to recurrent acute otitis media (middle ear infection)
What is Otitis media
inflammation or infection located in the middle ear
Main causes of dehydration in children
- diarrhoea
- vomiting
- fever
- lack of water intake
Recomended BSL range in children before melas and after
before meals = 4 to 7mmol/l
after meals = 5 to 10mmol/l
Signs of hypoglycaemia in children
- nausea
- abdominal pain
- irritability
Signs of hyperglycaemia in children
- increased urination
- increased thirst
- increased hunger
Gastroenteritis
infection and inflammation of the digestive system
Types of fractures
- Closed fracture (Break but does not damage skin)
- Open fracture (break in bone and damages skin)
- Buckle fracture (does not completed break)
What does CWMS stand for
Color, Warmth, Movement, Sensation.
appendicitis what it is, where is the pain
- an inflammation of the appendix
- lower right side of the belly
mesenteric adenitis and location of pain
An inflammation of the lymph nodes in the abdomen
- pain regulates any part of stomach
Appendicitis S+S and treatment
- nausea
- vomiting
- poor appetite
- fever
- chills
- antibiotics and surgery
mesenteric adenitis S+S and treatment
- fever
- nausea
- diarrhea
- fluids and pain relief
What injections are given at 6 weeks
- Rotavirus (1 oral)
- HIB
- Pneumococcal
What injections are for 3 months
- Rotavirus (oral)
- HIB
- Meningococcal B
What injections are for 5 months
- HIB
- Pneumococcal
- Meningococcal B
What injections are given for 12 months
- MMR
- Pneumococcal
- Meningococcal B
What injection is given at 15 months
- HIB
- MMR
- Varicella (chickenpox)
What injection is given at 4 years
- Infanrix- IPV
What injection is given at 11-12 years
- Boostrix
- HPV (2-3 injections)
