obstetrics Flashcards
Post-partum haemorrhage minor and major blood loss amount
- minor = more than 500ml
- major = more than 1000ml
risk factors of postpartum haemorrhage before and after birth
Before birth:
- carrying twins/triplets,
-previous PPH,
- BMI>35,
- anaemia
During and immediately after birth: -delivery by caesarean
- induction of labour
- long labour,
- large baby (more than 4kg)
- fever during labour,
Potential risk factors for developing gestational diabetes
- obesity
- old age
- history of unexplained stillbirth or miscarriage
gestational diabetes adverse outcomes
- Pregnancy associated hypertension * 3rd and 4th degree perineal tears
- Caesarean section
- Preterm labour
Hypertension in pregnancy markers in blood pressure
diastolic = over 90
systolic = over 140
Gestational Hypertension vs chronic hypertension
Gestational Hypertension=
* New onset of hypertension after 20 weeks gestation
* No signs of pre-eclampsia
Chronic Hypertension =
* Onset of hypertension prior to pregnancy
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) symptoms pregnancy
- swelling
- leg pain
- abdominal pain
Pulmonary embolism symptoms
-dyspnoea (shortness of breath)
- chest pain
- low grade fever
- blood in sputum
- collapse
what is an ectopic pregnancy
An ectopic pregnancy is a pregnancy that establishes in an abnormal position.
what risks occur after an ectopic pregnancy
- haemorrhage
- significant blood loss
- shock
what is chorionic villus sampling and when is it done
checks cells from the placenta to see if they have a chromosomal abnormality (such as Down syndrome)
- weeks 10 to 13 in a woman’s pregnancy
what vaccines should be given during pregnancy
- influenza (any stage of pregnancy)
- whooping cough (beginning of second trimester)