Paediatrics

Question 1

What’s done in a newborn baby check?

Answer 1

-Both hands and palms are checked
-Ears are checked
-Anterior and posterior fontanelles are checked
-Mouth checked, feeling for membranous cleft and checking for cyanosis
-Feel femoral and brachial pulse
-Palpate abdomen, observing umbilicus
-Examine genitalia, descended testes, passed urine?
-Look at anus for patency
-Hip stability, Barlows and Ortalanis test
-Check legs for abnormality
-Assess tone by ventrally suspending baby, also check spine down to sacrum
-Assess primitive reflexes
-Assess red reflex and check iris is complete
-Count heart rate and listen
-Listen to check and count resp rate

Question 2

What development should be checked at 6-12wks

Answer 2

-Tonic neck reflex
-Rolling
-Moro reflex (put arms out)
-Grasp
-Fixing and following with noise
-fixing and following visually
-Positive response to handling and interaction
-Rooting reflex
-Mild head lad when pulling up from lying or no head lag
-Step reflex

Question 3

What normal development milestones should be reached by 6 months?

Answer 3

-Babbling, vocalising and reaching
-Responds to emotion
-Sitting unsupported, fixing and following
-Normal weight bearing
-Tracking object, putting to mouth, hand to hand
-Rolling from supine to prone
-assisted feeding

Question 4

What’s the normal development level of a 9 month old?

Answer 4

-Sitting steadily, reaching for toys and playing
-Using pincer grip
-Copying
-Holding and eating
-Cruising
-Crawling commando style
-Rolling from supine to prone
-Pulling self up
-Babbling/vocalising with others
-Walking with assistance

Question 5

What development is expected at 12 months?

Answer 5

-Climbing
-attempting to walk, walking with assistance
-Feeding self
-Climbing stairs
-Stood unassisted
-Following instruction while playing
-Pincer dexterity

Question 6

What normal development level can be expected at 15 months?

Answer 6

-Playing with toys
-Walking
-Throwing ball
-Gets up from supine to walking
-Playing hide and seek
-Using crayon to scribble
-Going upstairs

Question 7

What normal development can be expected at 18 months?

Answer 7

-Penhold with crayon
-Speech at immature level
-Playing with toys, showing hand dominance
-Spatial awareness when playing
-Walking
-Throwing and chasing ball
-Climbing stairs
-counting
-Responding to instruction
-Building with blocks
-Pointing and naming pictures in books
-Pointing out body parts

Question 8

What normal development level is expected at 2yrs?

Answer 8

-Finding colours
-Jumping
-Climbing stairs
-Building tower of blocks
-Discussing with parents
-Kicking ball
-Running
-Playing catch
-Counting and naming objects

Question 9

What normal development levels can be expected at 3yrs?

Answer 9

-Walking up and down stairs
-Drawing shapes as instructed
-Penhold, drawing people
-Using scissors
-Memory games
-Counting
-Building 10 block tower
-Jumping, balance, hopping, tiptoes
-Throwing and catching ball
-Doing buttons
-Riding bike or scooter

Question 10

What normal development level can be expected at 4yrs?

Answer 10

-Jumping and hopping on alternative feet
-Walking up and down stairs
-Building complex tower
-Counting to higher numbers
-Drawing intricate picture
-Explaining things
-Naming colours
-Playing outdoors and climbing
-Throwing and catching ball
-Running
-Riding bike without stabilisers