Dermatology Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

What does flexural mean?

A

Affects skin in joint bends

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2
Q

What does extensor mean?

A

Affects knees, elbows and shins

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3
Q

What does intertriginous mean?

A

Affects skin folds

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4
Q

What are the pressure areas?

A

Sacrum
Buttocks
Ankles
Heels

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5
Q

What does photosensitive mean?

A

Affects sun-exposed areas e.g. face, neck and back of hands

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6
Q

What does dermatomal mean?

A

Affects area of skin supplied by single spinal nerve

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7
Q

What does discrete mean?

A

Individual lesions separated from each other

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8
Q

What does confluent mean?

A

Individual lesions margining into each other

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9
Q

What does linear mean?

A

In a line

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10
Q

What does targetoid mean?

A

Concentric rings (like a dartboard)

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11
Q

What does annular mean?

A

Circle or ring with a different morphology on edges vs inner of lesion

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12
Q

What does discoid/nummular mean ?

A

Round lesion

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13
Q

What does macule mean?

A

Flat area of altered colour <1cm in diameter

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14
Q

What does patch mean?

A

Flat area of altered colour or texture >1cm in diameter

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15
Q

What does papule mean?

A

Small, raised lesion <1cm in diameter

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16
Q

What does nodule mean?

A

Solid, raised lesion >1cm in diameter with a deeper component

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17
Q

What does plaque mean?

A

Palpable, raised lesion >1cm in diameter

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18
Q

What does vesicle mean?

A

Small blister
Raised, clear fluid-filled lesions <1cm in diameter with

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19
Q

What does Bulla mean?

A

Large blister
Raised, clear fluid filled lesion >1cm in diameter

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20
Q

What does pustule mean?

A

Pus containing lesion, small and circumscribed

21
Q

What is an abscess?

A

Localised accumulation of pus on the dermis or subcutaneous tissues

22
Q

What is a wheal?

A

Transient raised lesion due to dermal oedema
Demarcated but not stable borders

23
Q

What does comedone mean?

A

Pores or hair follicles that have gotten blocked with bacteria, oil and dead skin cells to form a bump on your skin

24
Q

What does erosion mean?

A

Loss of epidermis

25
Q

What does excoriation mean?

A

Loss of epidermis following trauma

26
Q

What does lichenification mean?

A

Well defined roughening of skin with accentuation of skin markings

27
Q

What are scales?

A

Flakes of stratum corneum

28
Q

What does crust mean?

A

Rough surface consisting of dried serum, blood, bacteria and cellular debris that has exuded through an eroded epidermis

29
Q

What does ulcer mean?

A

Loss of epidermis and dermis

30
Q

What is a fissure?

A

Epidermal crack through to dermis

31
Q

What does striae mean?

A

Linear areas white progress from pink to white

32
Q

What is a scar?

A

New fibrous tissue which occurs post-wound healing

33
Q

What is Koebner phenomenon?

A

A linear eruption arising at site of trauma

34
Q

What does erythema mean?

A

Redness (inflammation and vasodilation) which blanches on pressure

35
Q

What is petechiae?

A

Red or purple colour (bleeding into skin or mucous membrane) which doesn’t blanch on pressure

1-2mm diameter

36
Q

What is purpura?

A

Red or purple colour (bleeding into skin or mucous membrane) which doesn’t blanch on pressure

2-10mm diameter

37
Q

What does ecchymoses mean?

A

Red or purple colour (non-traumatic bleeding into skin or mucous membrane) which doesn’t blanch on pressure

> 10mm diameter (bruise)

38
Q

What does hypopigmented mean?

A

Loss of skin colour

39
Q

What does depigmentation mean?

A

Paler skin due to absence of melanin

40
Q

What does hyperpigmented mean?

A

Increase in skin colour

41
Q

What is Vitiligo?

A

Autoimmune attack on melanocytes, usually localised, symmetrical areas, associated with thyroid disease and t1dm

42
Q

What is alopecia?

A

Attack on hair follicles causing hair loss

43
Q

What is hirsuitism?

A

Androgen dependant hair growth in a female

44
Q

What is hypertrichosis?

A

Non androgen dependant pattern of excessive hair growth

45
Q

What is clubbing?

A

Loss of angle between the posterior nail fold and nail plate

46
Q

What is koilonychia?

A

Spoon shaped depression of the nail plate

47
Q

What is oncholysis?

A

Separation of the distal end of the nail plate from nail bed

48
Q

What is pitting?

A

Punctate depression of the nail plate