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Paediatrics > Paediatric Dermatology > Flashcards

Paediatric Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 types of causes of eczema in children?

A

1 - Endogenous (internal)

2 - Exogenous (external)

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2
Q

What is eczema?

A

Itchy, dry inflammatory skin disease

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3
Q

What are the different types of endogenous eczema?

A

1 - Atopic

2 - Seborrheoic

3 - Discoid

4 - Pomphylx

5 - Varicose

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4
Q

What are the different causes of exogenous eczema?

A

1 - Allergic contact dermatitis

2 - Irritant contant dermatitis

3 - Photoaggravated eczema

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5
Q

What can trigger an eczema flare in children?

A

1 - Infections

2 - Cold air

3 - Pets

4 - Teething

5 - Stress

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6
Q

What is the most common type of eczema?

A

Atopic eczema

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7
Q

What is atopic eczema?

A

Overactive immune response to environmental stimuli

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8
Q

What 3 conditions are linked with an atopic tendency?

A

Asthma

Eczema

Hayfever

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9
Q

What abnormality of the skin is associated with atopic eczema?

A

Skin ‘barrier defect’

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10
Q

Which proteins have an abnormal expression in atopic eczema?

A

Filaggrin

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11
Q

What are the consequence of losing the skin barrier function in eczema patients?

A

1 - Loss of water

2 - Irritants can penetrate

3 - Allergens can penetrate

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12
Q

On which parts of the body is seborrheoic dermatitis commonly seen?

A

Scalp

Face

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13
Q

What is the skin commensal associated with seborrheoic dermatitis?

A

Malassezia

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14
Q

What is a suitable treatment for seborrheoic dermatitis?

A

1 - Emollients

2 - Antifungal creams

3 - Mild topical steroids

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15
Q

What is discoid eczema?

A

Annular/circular patches of itchy eczema

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16
Q

What is pomphylx eczema?

A

Eczema of foot and hand

17
Q

What are the characteristic features of pomphylx eczema?

A

Vesicles

Intensely Itchy

18
Q

What are the main categories of eczema treatment?

A

1 - Emollients

2 - Topical steroids

3 - Calcineurin inhibitors

4 - UVB light therapy

5 - Immunosuppressants

19
Q

How often should steroids be applied to eczema skin?

A

Once daily for 1-2 weeks

20
Q

What are the common skin infections?

A

1 - Impetigo

2 - Molluscum Contagiosum

3 - Viral warts

4 - Viral Exanthems

5 - Chicken Pox

6 - Parvovirus

21
Q

What are the features of impetigo?

A

Honey-coloured crusted erosions

22
Q

What is the organism that causes impetigo?

A

Staph Aureus

23
Q

What are the treatments for impetigo?

A

1 - Topical antibacterial

2 - Oral antibiotic

24
Q

Which virus is responsible for causing viral warts?

A

Human Papillomavirus

25
Q

How are viral warts treated?

A

Cryotherapy

Salicylic acid

26
Q

What is viral exanthems?

A

Skin reaction to a toxin produced by a viral organism

27
Q

With which virsuses is viral exanthems associated?

A

Chicken pox

Measles

Rubella

28
Q

With which virus is chicken pox associated?

A

Varicella-Zoster virus

29
Q

What are the features of chicken pox?

A

1 - Red papules progressing to vesicles on the trunk

2 - Itchy

30
Q

What is parvovirus otherwise known as?

A

Slapped cheek

31
Q

What are the features parvovirus?

A

Erythematous rash on cheeks

32
Q

What are the common systemic diseases that cause skin problems in children?

A

1 - Crohns disease

2 - IBD

3 - Sarcoidosis

33
Q

With which systemic disease is orofacial granulomatosis associated with?

A

Crohn’s disease

34
Q

What are the features of orofacial granulomatosis?

A

Lip swelling

Fissuring

35
Q

What are the clinical features of orofacial granulomatosis?

A

1 - Ulcers and tags of the oral cavity

2 - Cobblestone appearance

36
Q

With which systemic disease is erythema nodosum associated?

A

IBD

Sarcoidosis

Paediatrics (25 decks)

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