Paediatric Conditions Flashcards
what is Cerebral Palsy
- umbrella term for whose whose ability to move is affected => damage to white mattter of hemisphere
- cna be quadriplegia (all limbs affected), diplegia (both legs affected), hemiplegia (one side of body)
what can cause CP
perinatal stroke
prematurity
what are the signs & symptoms of CP (7)
- spasticity causing difficulty controlling movement (stiff)
- floppy when picked up as baby => cant hold head up
- delayed milestones (rolling, sitting, walking, talking)
- dystonia: unusual twisting posture or repetitive movement or both
- athetosis: slow invo mvm present at rest and worsens w mvm
- decrease balance & coordination
- ataxia: uncoordinated mvm
What is perinatal stroke
stroke occuring in womb or within 1 month after birth
signs & symptoms of prenatal stroke
- numbness, weakness, paralysis of one side of body
- motor delay: coordination, speech
- associated w learning disorder, cp, adhd
What is autism?
brain development leads to differences in socialization and perception => leading to problems in communication and social interaction w limited/repetitive behaviors
What are some body part affected by autism?
attention emotional function cognition language hearing
what are some activity limitations in autistic children?
dressing toileting listening conversation communicating learning
What is ADHD?
decreased activity in brain areas that control attention, regulate emotions, executive function
what are potential causes of adhd (4)
LBW
prematurity
exposure to toxins, alcohol, tobacco during pregnagncy
genetis
what are some signs and symptoms of ADHD (4)
hyperactivity
impulsivity
reduced emotional regualtion
low furstration tolerance
what are some activity limitations seen in children with ADHD
concentrating in class reading writing time management self care social interaction
what is fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
caused when baby is exposed to alcohol during gestational period which interferes with blood and nutrient baby receives
what are some activity limitations and body function disorder in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder? (7)
- socialization, getting along w other
- difficulty following instructions, planning
- difficulty managing emotions
- impulse control prorblem
- poor coordination, balance,
- slow physical growth
- vision problem
What is developmental coordination disorder? What is it caused by? What are its signs and symptoms?
mismatch between intended outcome and motor execution => sends confusing signals to cerebellum
=> leads to impaired m tone, motor planning, GM, FM, attention, balance, working memory
what are some activity limitaitons of children living with developmental coordination disorder?
walking bruhsing teeth eating dressing writing, coloring, typing, using scissors, throwing ball
What is global developmental delay?
delay in multiple areas: motor, cognition, speech, language, social, play (similar to ASD but less likely to have repetitive/limited behavior and more likely to have problem solivng challenges)
What are potential OPCs of global developmental delay?
limited FM, GM, communication socialization balance m strength problem solving
what are potential OPIs of global development delay in children?
self care
making friends
interacitng w peers
following instructions
what is down syndrome? What are its OPCs (7)?
caused by extra chromosone 21
OPC
- impulsivity, poor judgement
- short attention
- slow leaning capabilities
- cognitive impairement
- memory
- language delay
- low m tone
what are potential OPIs of down syndrome in children?/
play, socialization, feeding
What is fragile X?
mutation of FMR1 gene needed for synapse and brain devleopment causing cogntiive impairment and learning disability
what are potential opcs of fragile x?
- sensory processing challenges
- anxiety
- adhd, autism
- speech/language delay
- motor delay
- communication/social challenge
- memory loss
- emotional dysregulation
what are potential OPI of fragile X
dressing
self care
making friends
