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547 > Paediatric Conditions > Flashcards

Paediatric Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

what is Cerebral Palsy

A
  • umbrella term for whose whose ability to move is affected => damage to white mattter of hemisphere
  • cna be quadriplegia (all limbs affected), diplegia (both legs affected), hemiplegia (one side of body)
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2
Q

what can cause CP

A

perinatal stroke

prematurity

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3
Q

what are the signs & symptoms of CP (7)

A
  1. spasticity causing difficulty controlling movement (stiff)
  2. floppy when picked up as baby => cant hold head up
  3. delayed milestones (rolling, sitting, walking, talking)
  4. dystonia: unusual twisting posture or repetitive movement or both
  5. athetosis: slow invo mvm present at rest and worsens w mvm
  6. decrease balance & coordination
  7. ataxia: uncoordinated mvm
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4
Q

What is perinatal stroke

A

stroke occuring in womb or within 1 month after birth

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5
Q

signs & symptoms of prenatal stroke

A
  1. numbness, weakness, paralysis of one side of body
  2. motor delay: coordination, speech
  3. associated w learning disorder, cp, adhd
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6
Q

What is autism?

A

brain development leads to differences in socialization and perception => leading to problems in communication and social interaction w limited/repetitive behaviors

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7
Q

What are some body part affected by autism?

A 
attention
emotional function
cognition
language
hearing
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8
Q

what are some activity limitations in autistic children?

A 
dressing
toileting
listening
conversation
communicating
learning
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9
Q

What is ADHD?

A

decreased activity in brain areas that control attention, regulate emotions, executive function

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10
Q

what are potential causes of adhd (4)

A

LBW
prematurity
exposure to toxins, alcohol, tobacco during pregnagncy
genetis

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11
Q

what are some signs and symptoms of ADHD (4)

A

hyperactivity
impulsivity
reduced emotional regualtion
low furstration tolerance

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12
Q

what are some activity limitations seen in children with ADHD

A 
concentrating in class
reading
writing
time management 
self care
social interaction
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13
Q

what is fetal alcohol spectrum disorder

A

caused when baby is exposed to alcohol during gestational period which interferes with blood and nutrient baby receives

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14
Q

what are some activity limitations and body function disorder in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder? (7)

A
  • socialization, getting along w other
  • difficulty following instructions, planning
  • difficulty managing emotions
  • impulse control prorblem
  • poor coordination, balance,
  • slow physical growth
  • vision problem
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15
Q

What is developmental coordination disorder? What is it caused by? What are its signs and symptoms?

A

mismatch between intended outcome and motor execution => sends confusing signals to cerebellum

=> leads to impaired m tone, motor planning, GM, FM, attention, balance, working memory

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16
Q

what are some activity limitaitons of children living with developmental coordination disorder?

A 
walking
bruhsing teeth
eating 
dressing
writing, coloring, typing, using scissors, throwing ball
17
Q

What is global developmental delay?

A

delay in multiple areas: motor, cognition, speech, language, social, play (similar to ASD but less likely to have repetitive/limited behavior and more likely to have problem solivng challenges)

18
Q

What are potential OPCs of global developmental delay?

A 
limited FM, GM, 
communication
socialization
balance
m strength
problem solving
19
Q

what are potential OPIs of global development delay in children?

A

self care
making friends
interacitng w peers
following instructions

20
Q

what is down syndrome? What are its OPCs (7)?

A

caused by extra chromosone 21

OPC

  • impulsivity, poor judgement
  • short attention
  • slow leaning capabilities
  • cognitive impairement
  • memory
  • language delay
  • low m tone
21
Q

what are potential OPIs of down syndrome in children?/

A

play, socialization, feeding

22
Q

What is fragile X?

A

mutation of FMR1 gene needed for synapse and brain devleopment causing cogntiive impairment and learning disability

23
Q

what are potential opcs of fragile x?

A
  • sensory processing challenges
  • anxiety
  • adhd, autism
  • speech/language delay
  • motor delay
  • communication/social challenge
  • memory loss
  • emotional dysregulation
24
Q

what are potential OPI of fragile X

A

dressing
self care
making friends

25
Q

What is microcephaly and spasticity?

A

small head circumference along w delayed braing development accompanied by spasticity (sitffness, spasm, contraction)

26
Q

what are potential OPCs of microcephaly and spasticity

A 
GM, FM function
increase mvm of limb
convulsion
balance
hyperactivity
27
Q

what are potential OPIs of microcephaly and spasticity

A

feeding, school acitivities, play

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