(A) Motor Learning Flashcards
what are the 3 different subsets of motor learning
CIMT (constraint induced)
task oriented
co-op
what is motor learning
set of internal processes that lead to permanent change in capacity of skilled performance => reaquiring previously learned actions resulting from practice and repetition
must provide opportunity for feedback
what type of treatment approach is motor learning: top down or bottom up
top down
what are the 2 underlying theories of motor learning
- dynamic system theory: that change in one domain will affect the other (ex: chging environment)
- motor control: mvm is based on multiple systems (posture, mobility, fm, gm, environment, neuroplasticity)
what are the requirement of motor learning?
- doing/practicing/learning
- goal set collab w client
- must be responsive to change in person, environem (grading) to max transfer
what is feedforward motor control?
abstract sensation of what movement will feel like
what is feedback motor control?
information on production of movement (internal or external) => from our own body
what are the 5 motor learning principles?
- cognitive (idea of mvm required but not sure how to execute it)
- associative: skills become more refine w practice
- autonomous: mvm is automatic, less cognitive effort (can do dual task)
- practice and experience: alter mvm pattern thru interaction w environment
- feedback integrated
what is open loop motor skills of motor learning? give examples
skill is performed in changing, unstable environment (externally paced) => changes not predictable requiring adaptation => more effective for transfer of learning
ex: hockey, driving
what is closed loop motor skills in motor learning? give examples
skill performed in stable predictable environment => self paced allowing for automatic feedback loop
ex: yoga, gymnastics
what are the 3 different types of tasks in motor learning. describe each one and give an example
- continous: no inherent start or finish as part of task (ex: walking)
2, discrete: recognizable beginning and end (throwing a ball) - serial: set of discrete tasks (dressing)
why should we maximize practice time in motor learning
- improved performance including transfer of learning to new activities within new settings
what is intrinsic feeedback
through the doing => how it feels in body
what is extrinsic feedback
can be verbal, visual, auditory, biofeedback about
- knowledge of performance: info on quality of mvm process/attempt => helps them focus on features of performance that need improvement
- knowledge of result: info about mvm outcome (ex: # repetitions achieved)
- encourage self monitoring
what is the difference between massed and distributed rest period?
massed - block of time, less rest period
distributed = more rest period, shorter
what are the 2 types of order of mvm?
- blocked = remains the same
2. random = changing order of mvm
what are the 2 types of conditions of task?
variable (like changing size which can optimize transfer)
or constant
what are the 2 types of amount of task practiced?
part or whole
what is task oriented approach?
- motor learning approach but in the real world
- done in natural context, closest to actual occupations and movements are meaningful
what are the 4 assumptions of task oriented?
- functional task reorganize motor behavior (neuroplast)
- motor learning behavior comes from interaction w real object/env/occupations
- occ performance reflect attempt to acheive goal
- exploration and practice enable solution finding to motor problems (multiple rpactices in mult env optimize transfer)
what type of feedback should be given in task oriented?
- intrinsic via sensory systems (ex: proprioception)
2. extrinsic: verbal feedback, demonstration during/after movement, encouragement, physical/visual prompts
what type of feedback should be given in task oriented?
- intrinsic via sensory systems (ex: proprioception)
2. extrinsic: verbal feedback, demonstration during/after movement, encouragement, physical/visual prompts
why should feedback be given during task oriented
=> allows them to cognitively reflex on own progress and strength and challenge and problem solve to complete activity
how do children and adult in the feedback they should receive
adult: sporadic feedback after delay = more effective
child: consistent feedback = more effective
