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GCSE Revision Flashcards > P3 The Particle Model Of Matter > Flashcards

P3 The Particle Model Of Matter Flashcards

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1
Q

What is density?

A

The mass of a substance per unit volume

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2
Q

What is the unit of mass?

A

kg

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3
Q

What is the unit of volume?

A

m^3

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4
Q

Explain density in a solid:

A

More particles in the same unit of volume

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5
Q

Explain density in a liquid:

A

Slightly less particles in the same unit of volume

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6
Q

Explain density in a gas:

A

Few particles in the same unit of volume

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7
Q

What is the equation for density?

A

Density = mass / volume

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8
Q

Describe the particle arrangement in a solid:

A

Particles arranged regularly in rows, all in contact, same size particles

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9
Q

Describe the particle arrangement in a liquid:

A

Particles irregularly arranged, mostly still in contact, same size particles

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10
Q

Describe the particle arrangement in a gas:

A

Particles free to move, not touching or arranged in any way, same size particles

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11
Q

How does length of wire impact resistance?

A

As the length of the wire increases, the resistance of the wire also increases - directly proportional relationship

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12
Q

What is the independent variable?

A

What we change

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13
Q

What is the dependent variable?

A

What we measure

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14
Q

What is the control variable?

A

What we keep the same

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15
Q

Do solids have a high/low potential energy store?

A

Higher potential energy store than gases

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16
Q

What forces of attraction act on solids?

A

Strong intermolecular forces of attraction

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17
Q

Do gases have a high/low potential energy store?

A

Lower potential energy store than gases

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18
Q

What forces of attraction act of gases?

A

No intermolecular forces of attraction

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19
Q

What is the name of the transfer gas to liquid?

A

Condensing

20
Q

What is the name of the transfer liquid to solid?

A

Freezing

21
Q

What is the name of the transfer solid to gas?

A

Sublimation

22
Q

What is the name of the transfer solid to liquid?

A

Melting

23
Q

What is the name of the transfer liquid to gas?

A

Boiling

24
Q

What happens when particles go solid to liquid and liquid to gas?

A

Particles gain energy to overcome the intermolecular forces of attraction. This energy is stored in the particle’s energy store

25
Q

What happens when particles go gas to liquid and liquid to solid?

A

Particles lose energy as solids and liquids have a higher potential energy store

26
Q

What is the specific latent heat of fusion?

A

The energy required to convert 1kg of a solid to liquid (or from a liquid to solid) without a change in temperature

27
Q

What is the specific latent heat of vapourisation?

A

The energy required to convert 1kg of a substance from a liquid to a gas (or from a gas to a liquid) without a change in temperature

28
Q

What is the equation for specific latent heat?

A

Latent heat = Energy / mass

29
Q

What is the unit of pressure?

A

Pascals, Pa

30
Q

What is the equation for the gas constant?

A

P x V = Constant

31
Q

What is pressure in gases caused by?

A

Particles hitting the surface

32
Q

What is specific heat capacity?

A

Energy needed to heat 1kg by 1 degree celsius

33
Q

Why does dry ice explode?

A

Particles gain energy, move faster, hit sides more, changes solid to gas (sublimation)

34
Q

What shape do gases take when compressed?

A

The shape of the container they are in

35
Q

Which states can be compressed?

A

Only gases

36
Q

Which states can’t be compressed?

A

Liquids and solids

37
Q

When do state changes occur?

A

When particles gain or lose energy

38
Q

What temperatures do gases contract at?

A

Lower temperatures - slow down and get closer

39
Q

What are particles?

A

Atoms and molecules

40
Q

What do higher temperatures mean for movement of particles?

A

Higher temperatures = more movement (speeds up)

41
Q

What do lower temperatures mean for movement of particles?

A

Lower temperatures = less movement (slows down)

42
Q

Which state particles have the weakest forces of attraction?

A

Particles in gases have the weakest forces of attraction

43
Q

How is atmospheric pressure affected by height?

A

Atmospheric pressure decreases the higher you travel

44
Q

What happens when a substance melts or boils?

A

When the substance melts or boils, energy is put in to breaking the bonds that are holding particles together, which increases the potential energy.

45
Q

What is internal energy?

A

The total kinetic and potential energy of the particles in an object

46
Q

What happens when energy is given to raise the temperature?

A

When energy is given to raise the temperature, particles speed up and gain kinetic energy.

GCSE Revision Flashcards (21 decks)

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