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GCSE Revision Flashcards > C6 Electrolysis > Flashcards

C6 Electrolysis Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an ion?

A

The charged particle formed when an atom gains or loses electrons

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2
Q

What is electrolysis?

A

The breakdown of a substance containing ions using electricity

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3
Q

What is the cathode?

A

Electrode with a negative charge due to an excess of electrons

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4
Q

What is the anode?

A

Electrode with a positive charge due to lack of electrons

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5
Q

What does PANIC stand for?

A

Positive Anode Negative Is Cathode

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6
Q

What is electrolyte?

A

A liquid containing free moving ions that can be broken down by electrolysis

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7
Q

What is an anion?

A

A negatively charged ion that is attracted to the anode

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8
Q

What state must electrolyte be in for the ions to move?

A

Molten or a solution

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9
Q

What is a cation?

A

A positively charged ion that is attracted to the cathode

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10
Q

Which ore could you extract aluminium from?

A

Bauxite

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11
Q

What are the advantages of using aluminium over, for example, steel?

A

Aluminium is more malleable and has a higher strength to weight ratio

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12
Q

What is the first step in extracting aluminium from bauxite?

A

Purify bauxite (ore) to get Alumina - requires lots of energy

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13
Q

What is the second step in extracting aluminium from bauxite?

A

Electrolysis of molten Alumina. Cryolite is used to reduce temperature required and save energy and money. Carbon electrodes react with oxygen produced to form carbon dioxide so they need to be replaced regularly

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14
Q

During electrolysis of alumina, why is cryolite used instead of electrolyte?

A

Cryolite is used to reduce temperature required and save energy and money

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15
Q

Which ions are attracted to the anode?

A

Negative ions due to opposite charge

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16
Q

How are atoms formed at the anode during electrolysis in aqueous solutions?

A

In aqueous solutions, group 7 ions are oxidised if present. Otherwise, OH- ions form oxygen molecules

17
Q

Why does carbon electrodes need to be replaced regularly?

A

Carbon electrodes react with oxygen produced to form carbon dioxide so they need to be replaced regularly

18
Q

Which ions are attracted to the cathode?

A

Positive ions due to opposite charge

19
Q

How are atoms formed at the cathode during electrolysis in aqueous solutions?

A

In aqueous solutions the least reactive of the H+ or metal ions are reduced to form atoms

20
Q

What is electrolysis?

A

The breakdown of a substance containing ions using electricity

21
Q

What is the cathode?

A

Electrode with a negative charge due to an excess of electrons

22
Q

What is the anodeE?

A

Electrode with a positive charge due to a lack of electrons

23
Q

What is electrolyte?

A

A liquid containing free moving ions that can be broken down by electrolysis

24
Q

What is an anion?

A

A negatively charged ion that is attracted to the anode

25
Q

What is a cation?

A

A positively charged ion that is attracted to the cathode

26
Q

What is an ion?

A

The charged particle formed by the loss or gain of electrons

27
Q

What is the word equation for neutralisation?

A

acid + alkali –> salt + water

28
Q

What is the symbol equation for neutralisation?

A

H+ + OH- –> H2O

29
Q

Which energy level diagram has overall negative energy change?

A

Exothermic

30
Q

Which energy level diagram has overall positive energy change?

A

Endothermic

31
Q

What is an exothermic reaction (in terms of energy level diagrams)?

A

A reaction in which more energy is used for breaking bonds

32
Q

What is an endothermic reaction (in terms of energy level diagrams)?

A

A reaction in which more energy is used for making bonds than breaking them

33
Q

What do fuel cells produce?

A

Continuous voltage when supplied with a constant fuel supply and oxygen

34
Q

What happens in a fuel cell?

A

Fuel is oxidised to produce electricity

35
Q

What are simple cells?

A

Electrolyte and 2 electrodes

36
Q

What is a battery?

A

2 joined simple cells

37
Q

What are the 2 types of batteries?

A

Alkaline and rechargeable

38
Q

What is an example of a rechargeable battery?

A

A Lithium-ion battery

GCSE Revision Flashcards (21 decks)

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