C2 Structure And Bonding Flashcards
Ionic substances can not conduct electricity unless…
They are molten or in solution (aq)
Metals can conduct electricity: True or False?
True. They can also conduct thermal energy.
Why can ionic substances only conduct electricity when molten or in solution?
When aqueous, ions move place to place and are free to carry a charge.
Ionic substances have high melting and boiling points because…
They contain strong ionic bonds, which require more energy to overcome.
Do metals have high or low melting and boiling points?
High
Why do metals have high melting and boiling points?
Metallic bonds are strong and require lots of energy to overcome.
Alloys are stronger than metals: True or False?
True. Alloys are much stronger.
What type of bonding was NON-METAL + NON-METAL?
Covalent
What type of bonding was METAL + METAL?
Metallic
What type of bonding was METAL + NON-METAL?
Ionic
Do ionic bonds have high or low melting points?
High melting/boiling points - strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
Can ionic bonds conduct electricity?
Only when molten or in solution
What happens during ionic bonding?
Electrons are transferred to gain full outer shells
Which ions are attracted to each others?
Oppositely charged ions - electrostatic attraction
What substances are ionic bonds found in?
Ionic compounds
What are ionic bonds held together by?
Electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
What are ionic compounds?
Consist of a regular arrangement of positive and negative ions
When are giant ionic structures/lattices formed?
Formed by oppositely charged ions being attracted together
What type of compounds contain covalent bonding?
Covalent compounds
What is a covalent bond?
When electrons are shared to gain full outer shells
What do covalent bonds result in?
Simple molecular or giant covalent structures
What is the name of group 1 elements?
Alkali metals
What is the charge of group 1 on the periodic table?
+1
What is the name of the group 2 elements?
Alkaline Earths
What is the charge of group 2 on the periodic table?
+2
What is the charge of group 7 on the periodic table?
-1
What is the name of group 7 on the periodic table?
Halogens
What is the name of group 0 on the periodic table?
Noble Gases
What is the charge of group 0 on the periodic table?
0
What is the charge of group 6 on the periodic table?
-2
What is the charge of atoms which gain electrons?
Atoms which gain electrons have a negative charge - reduced
What is the charge of atoms which lose electrons?
Atoms which lose electrons have a positive charge - oxidised
What is metallic bonding?
Involves electrons being delocalised
What elements feature metallic bonding?
Metals
What does metallic bonding result in?
Giant metallic structures
What do metals consist of?
A regular arrangement of positive ions in a sea of delocalised electrons
Why are metals malleable (what holds them together)?
Held together by delocalised electrons makes it malleable
What are metallic structures held together by?
Strong electrostatic forces caused by this arrangement
Do metals have high/low boiling points?
High melting/boiling points
Why do metals have high melting and boiling points?
Lots of energy required to overcome these electrostatic forces
Why do metals conduct electricity?
They contain free delocalised electrons which move around and carry a charge
What do ionic bonds consist of?
Strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
