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GCSE Revision Flashcards > P1 Energy > Flashcards

P1 Energy Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 3 key words to describe energy transfers?

A

Increases, decreases, dissipates

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2
Q

What is the law of the conservation of energy?

A

Energy can’t be created or destroyed

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3
Q

Name the 8 energy stores:

A
  1. Thermal
  2. Electrostatic
  3. Chemical
  4. Magnetic
  5. Nuclear
  6. Gravitational potential
  7. Kinetic
  8. Elastic potential
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4
Q

What is work done equal to?

A

Energy transferred

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5
Q

What happens when work is done on an object?

A

Work is done on an object when a force makes an object move

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6
Q

Name the 4 energy transfers:

A
  1. Mechanical
  2. Electrical
  3. Thermal
  4. Radiation
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7
Q

What is conduction?

A

The flow of electrons through a substance, transferring heat or electricity

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8
Q

What is convection?

A

Heat is transferred from one place to another - heat energy is transferred hot to cold

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9
Q

What direction is heat transferred?

A

Hot to cold

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10
Q

Why can no device have over 100% efficiency?

A

According to the law of conservation of energy, you can’t get more energy from a machine than you put into it

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11
Q

What is the symbol for energy?

A

J

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12
Q

What is the unit for energy?

A

Joules

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13
Q

What is the symbol for mass?

A

m

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14
Q

What is the unit for mass?

A

kg

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15
Q

What is the symbol for velocity?

A

v

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16
Q

What is the unit for velocity?

A

m/s

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17
Q

What is the unit for gravitational field strength?

A

N/kg

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18
Q

What is the standard gravitational field strength?

A

10N/kg

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19
Q

What is the symbol for power?

A

W

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20
Q

What is the unit for power?

A

Watts

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21
Q

What is the unit for charge?

A

Coulombs

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22
Q

What is the symbol for charge?

A

Q in equations, c as shorthand for coulombs

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23
Q

What is the symbol for current?

A

I in equations, A as shorthand for amps

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24
Q

What is the unit for current?

A

Amps

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25
Q

What is the symbol for time?

A

s

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26
Q

What is the unit for time?

A

Seconds

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27
Q

What is the symbol for potential difference?

A

V

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28
Q

What is the unit for potential difference?

A

Voltage

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29
Q

What is the symbol for resistance?

A

R

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30
Q

What is the unit for resistance?

A

Ohms - Ω

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31
Q

What is the symbol for heat capacity?

A

c

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32
Q

What is the symbol to represent change in energy?

A

θ

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33
Q

What is a closed system?

A

A system in which no energy transfers take place in or out of the energy system

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34
Q

What is wasted energy?

A

Energy used in less useful ways or dissipated to surroundings

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35
Q

What is the independent variable?

A

What we change

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36
Q

What is the dependent variable?

A

What we measure

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37
Q

What is the control variable?

A

What we keep the same

38
Q

What are the 6 stages of burning fossil fuels to produce electricity?

A
  1. Burn fuel
  2. Heats water
  3. EVAPORATION: water becomes steam
  4. Steam turns turbine/propeller
  5. Spins an electromagnet in a coil of wire
  6. Generates a flow of electrons
39
Q

What are the 8 energy resources?

A
  1. Wind
  2. Wave
  3. Fossil Fuel
  4. Nuclear
  5. Solar
  6. Geothermal
  7. Hydroelectric
  8. Tidal
40
Q

What are the positives of wind energy?

A

Renewable, no CO2 produced

41
Q

What are the negatives of wind energy?

A

Unreliable, unsightly (not aesthetically pleasing)

42
Q

What are the positives of wave energy?

A

Renewable, no CO2 produced

43
Q

What are the negatives of wave energy?

A

Not reliable - waves are temporary

44
Q

What are the positives of fossil fuels?

A

Reliable, cheap to produce

45
Q

What are the negatives of fossil fuels?

A

Non-renewable, CO2 emissions

46
Q

What are the positives of nuclear power?

A

Constant, reliable

47
Q

What are the negatives of nuclear power?

A

Causes pollution, not reliable

48
Q

What are the positives of solar power?

A

No CO2 emissions, renewable

49
Q

What are the negatives of solar power?

A

Unreliable - not always sunny

50
Q

What are the positives of geothermal sources?

A

Renewable, reliable, no CO2 emissions

51
Q

What are the negatives of geothermal sources?

A

Can only be produced in some places, rocks may cool down over time

52
Q

What are the positives of hydroelectric sources?

A

Renewable, no CO2 emissions

53
Q

What are the negatives of hydroelectric sources?

A

Expensive, requires a lot of space

54
Q

What are the positives of tidal power?

A

Renewable, no CO2 produced

55
Q

What are the negatives of tidal power?

A

Unreliable

56
Q

What is specific heat capacity a measure of?

A

How easily a material heats up

57
Q

What does BUGS stand for?

A

Box Underline Glance Scribble

58
Q

What does ESAU stand for?

A

Equation Underline Answer Unit

58
Q

What is the equation for kinetic energy?

A

0.5 x m x v^2

59
Q

What is the equation for elastic potential energy?

A

0.5 x k x e^2

60
Q

What is the equation for gravitational potential energy?

A

m x g x h

61
Q

What is the equation for specific latent heat?

A

Energy / mass

62
Q

What is the equation for specific heat capacity?

A

m x c x θ (change in temp)

63
Q

What is the equation for efficiency?

A

Useful out / Total in x 100

64
Q

What is the equation for power?

A

Energy / time

65
Q

What is the equation for resistance?

A

Potential difference / current

66
Q

What is the equation for work done?

A

Power x time

67
Q

What is the equation for energy transferred?

A

Charge flow x potential difference

68
Q

What is the purpose of lubrication?

A

To improve efficiency - reduce waste energy by reducing/limiting friction

69
Q

What are the 3 prefixes for big in ascending order?

A
  1. Kilo
  2. Mega
  3. Giga
70
Q

What are the 3 prefixes for small in descending order?

A
  1. Milli
  2. Micro
  3. Nano
71
Q

How do you convert to milli?

A

x10^-3

72
Q

How do you convert to micro?

A

x10^-6

73
Q

How do you convert to nano?

A

x10^-9

74
Q

How do you convert to kilo?

A

x10^3

75
Q

How do you convert to mega?

A

x10^6

76
Q

How do you convert to giga?

A

x10^9

77
Q

What is nuclear energy?

A

Energy stored in atoms

78
Q

What is magnetic energy?

A

Energy stored in magnetic fields

79
Q

What is electrostatic energy?

A

Energy used when a balloon goes static

80
Q

What is kinetic energy?

A

Energy stored in movement

81
Q

What is chemical energy?

A

Energy stored in chemicals or food

82
Q

What is thermal energy?

A

Energy stored in heat

83
Q

What is gravitational potential energy?

A

Energy stored in high up things

84
Q

What is a mechanical transfer?

A

A transfer by a force

85
Q

What is a thermal transfer?

A

A transfer by passing heat from one object to another

86
Q

What is a radiation transfer?

A

A transfer by waves

87
Q

What is an electrical transfer?

A

Transfer by moving charge from one place to another

88
Q

A lower/smaller specific heat capacity, a ————–

A

Smaller amount of energy to heat up

89
Q

What are the stages of convection:

A
  1. Cold air
  2. Adding heat - temperature increases
  3. Particles vibrate more
  4. Particles spread out
  5. Temperature decreases

GCSE Revision Flashcards (21 decks)

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