Computer Science - Memory and Storage Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What does RAM stand for?

A

Random Access Memory

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2
Q

What is RAM?

A

The main memory in a computer, which can be read and written to

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3
Q

Is RAM volatile or non-volatile?

A

Volatile

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4
Q

What does RAM store?

A

Data, files and programs currently in use

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5
Q

What does ROM stand for?

A

Read Only Memory

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6
Q

Is ROM volatile or non-volatile?

A

Non-volatile

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7
Q

What does ROM come on?

A

A small factory-made chip built into the motherboard

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8
Q

What does ROM store?

A

The instructions needed to boot (BIOS)

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9
Q

What is volatile memory?

A

Temporary memory which requires power to retain its data

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10
Q

What is non-volatile memory?

A

Permanent memory which keeps data even when the power is off

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11
Q

When is virtual memory created?

A

When RAM is full/running slowly

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12
Q

How is virtual memory created?

A

The operating system moves data from RAM to a location on secondary storage (virtual memory). The data can be swapped back to RAM if needed

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13
Q

What is primary storage?

A

Memory which is directly accessed by the CPU

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14
Q

Give 4 examples of primary storage:

A

ROM, RAM, Cache, Registers

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15
Q

Is secondary storage volatile or non-volatile?

A

Non-volatile

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16
Q

What does secondary storage store?

A

Data which is not in use (operating systems, applications, user files)

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17
Q

What does SSD stand for?

A

Solid State Drive

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18
Q

What are solid state storage devices?

A

Storage devices with no moving parts

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19
Q

Do SSDs have fast/slow read/write speeds?

20
Q

What are solid state storage devices?

A

Storage devices with no moving parts

21
Q

Give 2 examples of Solid State storage:

A

Any 2 from:
SD card
USB stick
SSD internal/external drive

22
Q

Give 2 examples of optical storage:

A

Any 2 from:
CD, DVD, Blu-Ray

23
Q

Advantages of optical storage?

A

Very portable, cheap per GB

24
Q

Give 2 examples of magnetic storage:

A

Any 2 from:
Hard drives, magnetic tape, Floppy disk drive

25
Advantages of magnetic storage?
Large storage capacity, low cost per GB
26
What is the capacity of a device?
Amount of data that can be stored on a device
27
What is the speed of a device?
How quickly can the data be accessed from or written to the media
28
What is the reliability of a device?
The shelf-life of the media. How long it will retain data so that it can be accessed reliably and without error in the format it was originally saved
29
What is the portability of a device?
How easily it can be moved about. This depends on the size and weight of the media
30
What is the cost of a device?
How expensive the media is in terms of cost per GB of storage
31
What is the durability of a device?
How resistant the media is to damage - whether it’s rugged enough to survive rocks, scratches, etc.
32
What is a bit?
A single binary digit (1 or 0)
33
What is a nibble?
4 bits or half a byte
34
What is a byte?
8 bits
35
How much can one byte hold?
One typed character
36
What is a kilobyte?
1000 bytes
37
How much can one kilobyte hold?
About 2 pages of text
38
What is a megabyte?
1000 kilobytes
39
How much can one megabyte hold?
1 minute of mp3 audio
40
How much can two megabytes hold?
A high quality digital image
41
What is a gigabyte?
1000 megabytes
42
How much can 4-8 GB hold?
A DVD movie
43
What is a terabyte?
1000 gigabytes
44
How much could 1 terabyte store?
250 films or 250000 photos
45
What is a petabyte?
1000 terabytes
46
How much can a petabyte store?
11000 movies or 4000 photos per day for a lifetime
47
How much storage does YouTube have?
400PB