P16 - GI Part 3 Flashcards
emolient laxatives MOA
- softens and lubricates fecal mass
emolient drugs (3)
- mineral oil
- docusate sodium
- white soft parafin
mineral oil side effects and what dont you use with us
- don’t use with docusate sodium
- lipid pneumonia
white soft parafin is used for
- hairball removal in cats
bulk-forming laxatives MOA
- absorbs water and swells -> form emollient gell -> increases bulk -> distention -> peristaltic activity
bulk-forming laxatives drugs (5)
- methylcellulose
- carboxymethylcellulose sodium
- plantago seed
- bran
- psyllium granules or powder
psyllium granules or power is used for
- impactions due to sand
saline (osmotic) purgatives MOA
- retain or attract water into intestinal lumen
saline (osmotic) purgatives not to be used in
- dehydrated animals
saline (osmotic) purgatives drugs (5)
- magnesium sulphate
- sodium sulphate
- milk of magnesia
- hypertonic solutions
- lactulose
lactulose is used for
- constipation and hepatic encephalopathy
neuromuscular purgatives MOA
- stimulates neuromuscular tonicity -> increase contraction
neuromuscular purgatives drugs (4)
- cholinergic agents
- vasopressin
- oxytocin
- PGE2a - PG analogs
irritant (stimulant) cathartics MOA
- stimulates local myenteric center
- fluid accumulates in intestinal lumen
irritant (stimulant) cathartics drugs (2)
- castor oil
- anthroquinones
castor oil active drug
- ricinoleic acid
anthraquinones active drug
- aglycones (emodins) -> plant toxicity
side effects of repeated dosages of anthraquinones in horses
- causes superpurgation
enema MOA
- introduction of solutions into rectum to initiate defecation reflex
phosphates are contraindicated in what species
- cats -> increase P and decrease Ca
in foals with meconium retention what drugs can you use (3)
- docusate sodium
- mineral oil
- 4% solution acetylcysteine - refractory impactions
drugs for the treatment of frothy bloat
- dimethicone
- poloxalene
- docusate sodium
- vegitable oil
why is fish oil contraindicated for treatment of frothy bloat
- stabilizes oil
cholagogues effect on liver
- contracts gallbladder
choleretics effect on liver
- stimulates secretion of bile by hepatocytes
