P&P Flashcards
Explain the Great Vowel Shift and its consequences.
- The GVS began around 15th century
- Mixture of push and pull factors: mid vowels raised, pushed up the high vowels
- Each non-high vowel moving for one height, high vowels became diphthongs
- All MidEng LONG VOWELS changed
- GVS is the reason why English spelling differs so much from English pronunciation
Spell the transcribed expression: [ˌfu:dfə ˈθɔːt]
food for thought
Spell the transcribed expression, tick the correct and cross the incorrect transcription: [ˌeɪnʃənt ˈhɪstri] vs [ˌænʃənt ˈhɪstri] ancient history
✅ [ˌeɪnʃənt ˈhɪstri] [ˌænʃənt ˈhɪstri] ancient history
Transcribe the spelt expression: an infamous record
[ən ˈɪnfəməs rɪˈkɔːd ]
Transcribe the expression K. Tomkova will read: (just to know this question is there)
[ˈspi:tʃ ɪz ˈsɪlvə ˈsaɪləns ɪz ˈɡəʊldən ]
adjective (main stress)
‘adjective
androgynous (main stress)
andro’gynous
committee (main stress)
coˈmmittee
custody
ˈcustody
custodian
cuˈstodian
debacle
deˈbacle
elision
eˈlision
hitherto
hitherˈto
ideology
ideˈology
ideological
ideoˈlogical
idiocy
ˈidiocy
indictment
inˈdictment
jeopardy
ˈjeopardy
leopard
ˈleopard
liaison
liˈaison
marine
maˈrine
oceanic
oceˈanic
olive
ˈolive
paradox
ˈparadox
paradoxical
paraˈdoxical
personal
ˈpersonal
personnel
persoˈnnel
posthumously
ˈposthumously
preposterous
preˈposterous
psychopath
ˈpsychopath
psychopathic
psychoˈpathic
push-ups
ˈpush-ˈups
resign
reˈsign
resignation
resigˈnation
sequence
ˈsequence
to sever
to ˈsever
severe
seˈvere
severity
seˈverity
society
soˈciety
sociology
sociˈology
subsequent
ˈsubsequent
stupidity
stuˈpidity
thesaurus
theˈsaurus
teddy bear
ˈteddy bear
urine
ˈurine
complementary distribution of allophones
Possibility to predict which allophone of a phoneme will occur in certain context/environment
[p] when not under stress, [ph] when aspirated – in syllable under stress
elision in phonetics
is ommission of phoneme
mostly in words with silent letter
for example in knee / niː /, there is <k> in spelling, but not in pronunciation</k>
yod-dropping and yod-coalescence
yod-dropping = /j/ is deleted = dropped
yod-coalescence = /j/ merged with preceding consonant (plosive, or fricative)
main functions of pitch changes
signal division of INTONATIONAL PHRASES
signal division between accents (primary, secondary)
signal what of sentence it is (question x statement)
to express feeling (surprise, sarcasm, …)
make one word more important than others
Which is a minimal pair:
a/ put – but
b/ light – kite
c/ thorough – through
d/ query – fiery
b/ light – kite
Which is a homophonous pair (words in bold)?
a/ She was born in Tyne and Wear. – My wife likes to wear button-up blouses at work.
b/ What’s the Italian for unleaded petrol? – Captains should always lead by example.
c/ The forward has now scored four times in a row. – I had a terrible row with my father last night.
d/ Are you reading anything interesting? – I have never been to Reading before.
e/ Many mediaeval battles were won thanks to a bow and arrows. – Her hair was tied back in a neat bow.
e/ Many mediaeval battles were won thanks to a bow and arrows. – Her hair was tied back in a neat bow.
Complete the missing word: The double ‘m’ in Italian AMMINISTRAZIONE (rather than the otherwise universal ‘dm’) is an example of ……………………… assimilation.
leading
Which is the correct phonetic symbol for the VOICED BILABIAL NASAL:
a/ /m/
b/ /n/
c/ /f/
d/ /v/
a/ /m/
Which is the correct phonetic symbol for the SHORT CLOSE FRONT UNROUNDED vowel:
a/ /u/
b/ /o/
c/ /e/
d/ /i/
d/ /i/
Which of the following linguists belonged to the Kazan School of Linguistics:
a/ Baudoin de Courtenay
b/ Nikolay Trubetzkoy
c/ Roman Jakobson
d/ Noam Chomsky
a/ Baudoin de Courtenay
Working-class London accent is called:
a/ Geordie
b/ Scouse
c/ Cockney
d/ Capital
c/ Cockney
Define vowel in CAUGHT phonetically:
short rounded close-mid back
Define the first consonant in GEEK phonetically:
voiced velar plosive/stop
Complete the missing word: Consonants that are articulated by means of the lower lip and upper teeth are called
labiodental
Complete the missing word: If the word-final sound in CITY is realised as /i/ rather than /ɪ/, this is referred to as ‘happY
tensing
Which syllable is the stressed one in the word PHONOLOGICAL?
a/ 1st syllable
b/ 2nd syllable
c/ 3rd syllable
d/ 4th syllable
e/ 5th syllable
c/ 3rd syllable
