Ozone: Gas Calcukations

Question 1

What 2 regions of space are chemically important

Answer 1

Stratosphere

Troposphere

Question 2

What region is closer to earth ( between stratosphere and troposphere)

Answer 2

• Troposphere is closer as it is lower ( 10 km away ) to earth
• Stratosphere is further away as it is higher( 50km away ) to earth

Question 3

What does ppm stand for

Answer 3

Parts per million

Question 4

What does 29ppm of CO2 mean

Answer 4

In a million particles of air there are 29 CO2 molecules present

Question 5

How do you convert ppm to % composition

Answer 5

Divide by 10 000

Question 6

How do you convert % composition to ppm

Answer 6

x 10 000

Question 7

For carbon dioxide what is the main source of human activity

Answer 7

1. Combustion of hydrocarbon fuels

2. Factories

Question 8

For methane what is the main source of human activity

Answer 8

1. Cattle farming
2. Landfill sites
3. Rice paddy fields
4. Natural gas leakage

Question 9

For nitrous oxide what is the main source of human activity

Answer 9

1. Fertilised soils

2. Changes in land use

Question 10

For carbon monoxide’s what is the main source of human activity

Answer 10

1. Incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons

2.

Question 11

For nitrogen oxides will what is the main source of human activity

Answer 11

1. Internal combustion engines

Question 12

What are primary pollutants

Answer 12

1. CxHy
2. NOx
3. CO

Question 13

What are the sources of primary pollutants

Answer 13

1. Vehicles
2. Industries
3. Domestic sources

Question 14

Definition of secondary pollutants

Answer 14

Breakdown of primary pollutants by sunlight

Question 15

Definition of ozone stratosphere

Answer 15

• Acts as a sunscreen for earth

- Absorbs harmful UV

Question 16

Definition of ozone troposphere

Answer 16

• is a pollutant

- causes photochemical smog

Question 17

Definition of photochemical smog

Answer 17

Mixture of both kind of pollutants

Question 18

Problems with photochemical smog

Answer 18

• haziness
• reduces visibility
• eye & nose irritation
• respiratory problems ( already asthmatic)