Developing Fuels: Intro to Organic Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

Definition of hydrocarbon

A

Compounds containing only hydrogen and carbon

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2
Q

Definition of aliphatic

A

Carbons atoms are linked together in chains

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3
Q

Definition of aromatic/ arene

A

Unsaturated ring of carbons

Eg. Glucose

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4
Q

Definition if saturated

A

Contains single bonds only

Eg. Alkanes

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5
Q

Definition of unsaturated

A

Contains a carbon carbon double / triple bond ( C=C )

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6
Q

Definition of functional group

A

A group of atoms responsible for the reactivity of a compound

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7
Q

Definition of homologous series

A

A series of compounds with the same functional group/ chemical properties

Each successive member differing by CH2

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8
Q

General formula for alkanes

A

Cn H2n+2

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9
Q

General formula of cycloalkanes

A

Cn H2n

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10
Q

General formula of alkenes

A

Cn H2n

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11
Q

General formula of alcohols

A

Cn H2n+1 OH

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12
Q

Definition of molecular formula

A

actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule eg. C2H4( ethene)

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13
Q

Definition of structural formula

A

shows the arrangement of atoms carbon by carbon, with the attached hydrogens and functional groups. eg. CH2CH2 (ethene)

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14
Q

Definition of full structural formula ( displayed formula )

A

shows how all the atoms are arranged and all the bonds between them

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15
Q

Definition of skeletal formula

A

Shows carbon to carbon bonds only through the use of zig zag lines

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16
Q

Definition of general formula

A

algebraic formula that can describe any member of a family of compounds eg. CnH2n ( alkenes)

17
Q

How to remember prefix for no. Carbon atoms up to 4

A

Monkeys
Eat
Peeled
Bananas

18
Q

Monkeys
Eat
Peeled
Bananas

(No. Carbon atoms- prefix names )

A
  1. Meth
  2. Eth
  3. Prop
  4. But
19
Q

No. of carbon atoms prefix names 5-10

A
  1. Pent
  2. Hex
  3. Hept
  4. Oct
  5. Non
  6. Dec
20
Q

What are sub substituents derived from alkanes called

A

Alkyl groups

Eg. CH3 = methyl
CH3 CH2 = ethyl

21
Q

Rules for naming alkanes and cycloalkanes

A

???

22
Q

Rules for naming alkenes

A

???