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Respiratory System > Oxygen in the Blood > Flashcards

Oxygen in the Blood Flashcards

1
Q

What are the oxygen binding pigments?

A

Haemoglobin

Myoglobin

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2
Q

How many oxygen molecules can bind to haemoglobin?

A

4

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3
Q

How many oxygen molecules can bind to myoglobin?

A

1

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4
Q

What is myoglobin?

A

A pigment in muscles that contains haem

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5
Q

What does a dissociation curve show?

A

Oxygen bound (y) against partial pressure (x)

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6
Q

What is the shape of the myoglobin dissociation curve?

A

Simple hyperbolic curve

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7
Q

What are the 2 states of haemoglobin?

A

R state = high affinity for oxygen

T state = low affinity for oxygen

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8
Q

What is the shape of the haemoglobin dissociation curve?

A

Sigmoidal

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9
Q

Why does haemoglobin have a sigmoidal dissociation curve?

A

T state - low affinity at low pO2

As first O2 binds - it gets easier to bind

Curve steepens as pO2 rises

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10
Q

What percentage of oxygen is given up at the tissues?

A

35%

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11
Q

What is the Bohr shift?

A

pH effects the affinity of haemoglobin

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12
Q

What happens if pH increases?

A

Curve shifts to the left
Promotes R state
Higher affinity for oxygen
Saturation at lower pO2

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13
Q

What happens if pH decreases?

A

Curve shift to the right
Promotes T state
Lower affinity for oxygen
Saturation at higher pO2

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14
Q

What is the effect of the Bohr shift in tissues?

A

pH lower in the most metabolically active tissues

So more O2 is given up

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15
Q

What is the effect of temperature on oxygen dissociation?

A

Increased temperature shifts curve to the right

The more metabolically active tissues = higher temp = more oxygen given up

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16
Q

What is the maximum unloading of oxygen?

A

70%

17
Q

What is the effect of 2,3 BPG on oxygen dissociation?

A

Increased 2,3-BPG shifts curve to the right - more oxygen given up at tissues

18
Q

What causes 2,3-BPG to increase?

A

Anaemia

Altitude

19
Q

What is hypoxaemia?

A

Low pO2 in arterial blood

20
Q

What is hypoxia?

A

Low oxygen levels in the body or tissues

21
Q

What occurs if the body has low oxygen levels?

A

Peripheral vasoconstriction -> peripheral hypoxia = cyanosis

22
Q

What is cyanosis?

A

Bluish colouration due to unsaturated haemoglobin

23
Q

What does pulse oximetry detect?

A

Detects level of Hb saturation in arterial blood

24
Q

What is a downside of pulse oximetry

A

Doesn’t say how much Hb is present only the percentage saturation

Respiratory System (23 decks)

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