Oxygen Delivery Flashcards

1
Q

What are (3) factors to consider when giving Oxygen?

A
  • Supply-wall, concentrator, cylinders
  • Delivery method
  • Demands of patient/flow
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2
Q

What is the amount of oxygen delivered dependent on?

A
  • Oxygen flow rate
  • Patients’ inspiratory volumes
  • Respiratory rate
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3
Q

Is a nasal cannula high or low flow of O2?

A

Low flow

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4
Q

What is the flow rate of O2 in the nasal cannula?

A

1-4 litres/pm
(Variable flow rate so not for patients who need controlled oxygen therapy)

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5
Q

What % of O2 does a nasal cannula supply?

A

24-40%

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6
Q

What state should the patient be in if they are using a nasal cannula?

A

Stable patient

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7
Q

What % of O2 does an oxygen face mask supply?

A

Variable O2 concentration between 35%-60%

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8
Q

What is the flow rate of an oxygen face mask?

A

5-10 L/min

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9
Q

What are indications for the use of humidification?

A
  • Patients with thick copious secretions
  • Non-invasive and invasive ventilation
  • Nasal prong flow rates of greater than 2 LPM (under 2 years of age) or 4 LPM (over 2 years of age)
  • Nasal prong flow rates of greater than 1 LPM in neonates
  • Facial mask flow rates of greater than 5 LPM
  • Patients with tracheostomy
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10
Q

What are some pros of the use of nasal cannula?

A
  • Non-invasive
  • Able to communicate easily
  • Low cost
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11
Q

What are some cons of the use of nasal cannula?

A
  • Mouth breathers won’t benefit
  • O2 = dry/dehumidified, so can increase risk of infection (especially in upper respiratory tract)
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12
Q

What must flow rate be at minimum & why?

A

Flow must be at least 5L/min to avoid CO2 build up and resistance to breathing

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13
Q

What are some pros of oxygen face mask use?

A
  • Non-invasive
  • Easy to communicate
  • Mouth breathing
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14
Q

What is a con of oxygen face mask use?

A
  • Hard when eating as have to take mask off
  • O2 = dry/dehumidified, so can increase risk of infection (especially in upper respiratory tract)
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15
Q

How many litres of oxygen does a non-rebreathe bag require per minute?

A

15 L

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16
Q

Is a non-rebreathe bag usually a permanent or temporary measure?

17
Q

Describe a non-rebreathe bag.

A
  • Reservoir of oxygen
  • One-way valve to prevent inspiration and expiration of room air
18
Q

What conditions may use a non-rebreather mask?

A

Moderate to severe hypoxia.

19
Q

What type of patients may use a venturi mask?

20
Q

What do fixed performance devices do?

A

Deliver a fixed proportion of air and oxygen (via a venturi valve) regardless of inspiratory volumes and respiratory rate

21
Q

What is the Venturi principle for lower FiO2?

A
  • Smaller jet orifice
  • Higher entrainment of room air
  • Higher total flow
22
Q

What is the Venturi principle for higher FiO2?

A
  • Larger jet orifice
  • Entrains least amount of room air
  • Lower total flow
23
Q

What is the FiO2 and O2 flow in a blue Venturi valve?

A

FiO2 = 24%

O2 Flow = 2 L/min

24
Q

What is the FiO2 and O2 flow in a white Venturi valve?

A

FiO2 = 28%

O2 Flow = 4 L/min

25
What is the FiO2 and O2 flow in a orange Venturi valve?
FiO2 = 31% O2 Flow = 6 L/min
26
What is the FiO2 and O2 flow in a yellow Venturi valve?
FiO2 = 35% O2 Flow = 8 L/min
27
What is the FiO2 and O2 flow in a red Venturi valve?
FiO2 = 40% O2 Flow = 10 L/min
28
What is the FiO2 and O2 flow in a green Venturi valve?
FiO2 = 60% O2 Flow = 15 L/min
29
What will the type of humidification device selected depend on?
The oxygen delivery system in use, and the patient's requirements
30
What does the cold, dry air increase?
Heat & fluid loss
31
What effect do medical gases have on the airway?
- Have a drying effect on mucous membranes, resulting in airway damage.  - Secretions can become thick & difficult to clear or cause airway obstruction.