Oxygen Delivery Flashcards
What are (3) factors to consider when giving Oxygen?
- Supply-wall, concentrator, cylinders
- Delivery method
- Demands of patient/flow
What is the amount of oxygen delivered dependent on?
- Oxygen flow rate
- Patients’ inspiratory volumes
- Respiratory rate
Is a nasal cannula high or low flow of O2?
Low flow
What is the flow rate of O2 in the nasal cannula?
1-4 litres/pm
(Variable flow rate so not for patients who need controlled oxygen therapy)
What % of O2 does a nasal cannula supply?
24-40%
What state should the patient be in if they are using a nasal cannula?
Stable patient
What % of O2 does an oxygen face mask supply?
Variable O2 concentration between 35%-60%
What is the flow rate of an oxygen face mask?
5-10 L/min
What are indications for the use of humidification?
- Patients with thick copious secretions
- Non-invasive and invasive ventilation
- Nasal prong flow rates of greater than 2 LPM (under 2 years of age) or 4 LPM (over 2 years of age)
- Nasal prong flow rates of greater than 1 LPM in neonates
- Facial mask flow rates of greater than 5 LPM
- Patients with tracheostomy
What are some pros of the use of nasal cannula?
- Non-invasive
- Able to communicate easily
- Low cost
What are some cons of the use of nasal cannula?
- Mouth breathers won’t benefit
- O2 = dry/dehumidified, so can increase risk of infection (especially in upper respiratory tract)
What must flow rate be at minimum & why?
Flow must be at least 5L/min to avoid CO2 build up and resistance to breathing
What are some pros of oxygen face mask use?
- Non-invasive
- Easy to communicate
- Mouth breathing
What is a con of oxygen face mask use?
- Hard when eating as have to take mask off
- O2 = dry/dehumidified, so can increase risk of infection (especially in upper respiratory tract)
How many litres of oxygen does a non-rebreathe bag require per minute?
15 L
Is a non-rebreathe bag usually a permanent or temporary measure?
Temporary
Describe a non-rebreathe bag.
- Reservoir of oxygen
- One-way valve to prevent inspiration and expiration of room air
What conditions may use a non-rebreather mask?
Moderate to severe hypoxia.
What type of patients may use a venturi mask?
COPD
What do fixed performance devices do?
Deliver a fixed proportion of air and oxygen (via a venturi valve) regardless of inspiratory volumes and respiratory rate
What is the Venturi principle for lower FiO2?
- Smaller jet orifice
- Higher entrainment of room air
- Higher total flow
What is the Venturi principle for higher FiO2?
- Larger jet orifice
- Entrains least amount of room air
- Lower total flow
What is the FiO2 and O2 flow in a blue Venturi valve?
FiO2 = 24%
O2 Flow = 2 L/min
What is the FiO2 and O2 flow in a white Venturi valve?
FiO2 = 28%
O2 Flow = 4 L/min
What is the FiO2 and O2 flow in a orange Venturi valve?
FiO2 = 31%
O2 Flow = 6 L/min
What is the FiO2 and O2 flow in a yellow Venturi valve?
FiO2 = 35%
O2 Flow = 8 L/min
What is the FiO2 and O2 flow in a red Venturi valve?
FiO2 = 40%
O2 Flow = 10 L/min
What is the FiO2 and O2 flow in a green Venturi valve?
FiO2 = 60%
O2 Flow = 15 L/min
What will the type of humidification device selected depend on?
The oxygen delivery system in use, and the patient’s requirements
What does the cold, dry air increase?
Heat & fluid loss
What effect do medical gases have on the airway?
- Have a drying effect on mucous membranes, resulting in airway damage.
- Secretions can become thick & difficult to clear or cause airway obstruction.
