CPAP & BiPAP Flashcards

1
Q

What does CPAP stand for?

A

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure

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2
Q

What are the indication for CPAP?

A
  • Hypoxia, Type I RF
  • Pneumonia/acute infection (prior to escalation to ventilator)
  • Pulmonary oedema
  • Obstructive sleep apnoea
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3
Q

What does CPAP help to increase?

A

FRC

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4
Q

What does CPAP supply?

A

Supplies constantfixed positive pressure throughout inspiration and expiration.
(Therefore, it is not a form of ventilation, but splints the airways open.)

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5
Q

What is CPAP delivered with?

A

Oxygen

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6
Q

CPAP

A

, it can allow a higher degree of inspired oxygen than other oxygen masks.

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7
Q

What does BiPAP stand for?

A

Bi-level Positive Airway Pressure

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8
Q

What is BiPAP also known as?

A

Non-invasive ventilation (NIV)

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9
Q

What is the key feature of BiPAP?

A

Its ability to deliver air at two different pressures:
- A higher-pressure during inhalation (IPAP)
- A lower pressure during exhalation (EPA)

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10
Q

What does BiPAP allow for?

A
  • More complex settings (such as setting different pressures, volume support and tidal volumes)
  • The machine then automatically selects the lowest IPAP to achieve the target tidal volume
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11
Q

What does BiPAP help to reduce?

A

Risk of barotrauma

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12
Q

What is BiPAP a good option for?

A

Good option prior to getting the patient on a ventilator

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13
Q

What are the indications of BiPAP?

A
  • Type II RF
  • Chronic COPD
  • COPD exacerbations
  • Weaning from ventilator
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14
Q

What are the precautions for CPAP & BiPAP?

A
  • Recent facial or oesophageal Sx
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Bullous emphysema
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15
Q

What are the contraindications for CPAP & BiPAP?

A
  • Haemoptysis
  • Inability to protect airway
  • Facial trauma
  • Burns
  • Active untreated TB
  • CVS/haemodynamic instability
  • Undrained pneumothorax
  • Transesophageal fistula
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16
Q

Why can CPAP & BiPAP cause an inability to protect the airway?

A

Absent cough reflex, which can result in aspiration, blockages in airway, etc.