Overview of Health Informatics Flashcards
What is Rouse definition of Health InformationTechnology
The area of Information Technology involving the
design, development, creation, use, and maintenance of information systems for the healthcare industry
(Kushniruk & Borycki, 2017)
Vows to provide innovation to health care delivery and connection among users and stakeholders in the e-health market
Management of health data and medical records
needed to deliver quality healthcare
HEALTH INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
A program that combines the knowledge of health care system and information technology as well as medical information management techniques, especially medical coding
Bachelor of Science in Health Information
Management
The American Health Information Management
Association (AHIMA) was renamed three times
1928 – Association of Record Librarians of
North America
● 1938 – American Association of Medical
Record Librarians
■ Developed in 1938
■ Established by the American
College of Surgeons
● 1970 – American Medical Record Association
● 1991 – American Health Information
Management Association
The application of technology tools and information
systems in a healthcare setting or context
health informatics
The health data clearinghouse which is comprised of
health care organizations that share data among
their health information technology systems
Health Information Exchange (HIE)
Local and Internal System
➔ Electronic/digital versions of medical records
➔ Includes only one healthcare organization
Electronic Medical Record (EMR)
EMR allows to
Track patient improvements over time
○ identify patients who need screenings
○ improve their diagnosis and treatment
○ identify patients with particular needs
➔ Inter-Organizational System
➔ Digital version of medical records
➔ Can be accessed by other institutions by the
approval of the initial institution
➔ Software that can be accessed by different clinics
➔ Previous records are accessed
Electronic Health Record (EHR)
What is shared in EHR
○ Diagnoses and Allergies
○ Medications and other treatment plans
○ Immunization dates
○ Test results and radiology images
○ Provider contact information
● Patient-centered organizational system
● Same as EHR but is meant to be owned, set up, and managed by patients.
● Just like EHRs, PHRs contain information like diagnoses, medications,
immunizations, family medical histories, and provide contact information
Personal Health Record
TYPES OF HEALTH INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Picture Archiving and Communication System and Vendor Neutral Archives
Medical Imaging Technology that allows for the
preservation and retrieval of the digital pictures after
consultation
● MRI
● X-ray
● PET scan
➔ Different departments of a hospital can access the
pictures that are produced in the radiology section
➔ Can be accessed only by certain computers and
softwares
Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS)
Predominantly used
➔ Can read any format
● Neutralizes different discrepancies [in
different formats]
Vendor Neutral Archives (VNA)
Stores medical images but in a standard format via a standard interface, allowing authorized healthcare practitioners vendor-neutral access regardless of the proprietary image-generating system employed.
● Consolidates the image na nakaformat
Vendor Neutral Archives (VNA)
Created to motivate the implementation of electronic health records (EHR) and supporting technology in the United States
The Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act of 2009
Part of an economic stimulus package introduced during the ____ administration (February ______)
Barack Obama; FebruARY 17, 2009
A federal law that required the creation of national standards to protect the sensitive patient information from being disclosed
Health Information Portability and Accountability Act
of 1996 – HIPAAv
– Unaware of the HIPAA violation
TIER 1
Covered entity knew about or should have
known about the violation
TIER 2
Willful neglect with violation corrected
TIER 3
No effort made to correct the violation
TIER 4
Stimulus package enacted in the 111th US Congress
➔ Signed into law by President Barack Obama
➔ Developed for the Great Recession
➔ The primary objective of this federal institute is to
save existing jobs and create new ones possible
➔ Provided a certain amount of money to improve the
electrical grid and systems including cybersecurity
➔ The goal is to increase productivity of aging
infrastructure to a better system that will be helpful to
the economy of the United States
AMERICAN RECOVERY AND REINVESTMENT ACT (ARRA)
Agency within US Department of Health and Human Services that administers nation’s major healthcare programs.
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Rule
Responsible for defining the meaningful use criteria of every health information
technology o Establish the incentive payments for the hospitals and physicians
who uses government certified EHR
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Rule
What are the CMS Strategic Pillars
- Advance equity (in terms of addressing health disparities under the system)
- Expand access (of medical information in terms of quality, affordable, health coverage, and care)
- Engage partners (in terms of policy making and
implementations) - Drive Innovation
- Protect Programs (in terms of security and public funds)
- Foster Excellence
Established certification criteria that HER technology
will need to meet in order to support meaningful use
Office of the National Coordinator for Health IT (ONC) Rule
Five Areas ONC is Working to Improve:
Adoption – adopting electronic health records.
▪ Standards – establishing standards for various technologies to speak to each other.
▪ Incentives – establishing standards for healthcare providers/
▪ Privacy and Security – making sure that data are protected and secured.
▪ Governance – providing governance and structure for the exchange of health information.
Meaningful Use:
Improve quality, safety, and efficiency, and reduce health disparities.
▪ Improve care coordination and population and public health.
▪ Maintain privacy and security of patient health information.
Repealed the flawed Medicare sustainable growth
rate (SGR) formula that calculated payment cuts for
physicians
Medicare Access and Children’s Health Insurance
Plan (CHIP) Reauthorization Act
Created a new framework for rewarding physicians
for providing higher quality care by establishing two
tracks for Quality Payment Program
Medicare Access and Children’s Health Insurance
Plan (CHIP) Reauthorization Act
when was Medicare Access and Children’s Health Insurance
Plan (CHIP) Reauthorization Act signed
Signed into law on April 16, 2015
closely resembles previous Medicare payment
methods
Merit-Based Incentive Payment System
Four criteria of MIPS
- Quality
- Cost
- Improvement Activities
- Promoting Interoperability or Advancing Care
Information
provide models that emphasize
coordination of care, tying reimbursement to value
➔ They can focus on specific diseases or populations
and span a variety of specialties, including primary
care, cardiology, cardiothoracic surgery, orthopedic
surgery, oncology, and nephrology
Advanced Alternative Payment Models (APMs)
A composition of individuals, systems, and processes that share, exchange, and access all forms of health information, including discrete, narrative and multimedia
Health Information Ecosystem
Advantages of HI in the cloud
Integrated and Efficient Patient Care
➔ Single access point for patient information
Better Management of Data
➔ Allowing researchers to assess the health of the
general public
Error Reduction
➔ Improvement and accuracy
➔ Eliminate transcription, calculation, and transmission
errors
Disadvantages
Potential Risks to Personal Information
➔ Data breaches of patient information
Cloud Set-up seems cumbersome
➔ Transition from handwritten notes in paper charts to
a completely electronic system
● Disparities in the transition
Cost Justification
➔ Some [information systems] require considerably
more staff time than the manual system they replace
Developed by the University of the Philippines Manila,
National Institutes of Health, and National Telehealth
Center
➔ Is an extensible, modular, open-source information
system for rural health units (initially for the
Philippines)
● Improves the monitoring of patient care
through efficient data encoding and
records retrieval
➔ An electronic medical record developed through the
collaboration of the Information and Communication
Technology community and health workers
Community Health Information Tracking System (CHITS)
