Ovarian pathology Flashcards
Part 1
Corpus luteum cysts
unilateral or bilateral
Unilateral
Abnormal ovaries are suggestive of malignancy are defined as appearing
enlarged and echogenic
Ovarian cyst that measures —– is recommended having it removed surgically
> 7cm
Simple cyst criteria
Anechoic, thin walled, Posterior acoustic enhancement
What is ring of Fire
Corpus luteum has peripheral rim of color around wall on color doppler
Sono appearance of corpus luteum
Cystic type of lesion
Thick walled
may have internal echoes secondary to hemorrhage
ring of fire
When a cyst hemorrhage, what are the the sign and symptom?
acute onset pelvic pain
Sono appearance of acute hemorrhagic cyst
-Hyperechoic
-Mimic solid mass
-Smooth posterior wall
-Shows PAE indicating its cystic component
-Internal patern becomes more complex as undergoes hemolysis
How does internal pattern change as colt undergoes hemolysis?
-Internal pattern becomes more complex as undergoes hemolysis
-Interconnecting lines believed to be result of fibrin strands.
-Concave outer margin
-no color doppler
Which type of cyst is associated with high level of human chorionic gonadotropin?
Theca-lutein cysts
Theca lutein cysts are usually ____, ______, and _______.
_large__, ___bilateral___, and __multiloculated____
Clinical symptoms of theca Lutein cyst
Nausea and vomiting
sonographic findings associated with theca lutein cysts
a. Multilocular cysts in both ovaries
What may occur with these Theca lutein cysts?
May undergo hemorrhage and rupture, torsion
Theca Lutein cyst are typically seen with what type of patients?
Patients with GTD
Ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome frequent complication of what?
Ovulation induction (fertility treatment)
signs/symptoms of mild form OHS?
Pelvic discomfort, but no significant weight gain
Sonographically OHS
Ovaries enlarge, but measure less than 5cm in diameter
signs/symptoms of moderate form OHS?
Nausea/vomiting, patient gains weight of 5-10lbs
Sonographically: Moderate OHS
Ovarian enlargement between 5-12cm
signs/symptoms of severe form OHS?
a. Severe pelvic pain
b. Abdominal distention
c. Weight gain more than 10 lbs
sonographic appearance of severe OHS?
-Notably enlarged ovaries greater than 12cm in diameter,
-made up of numerous large,
-thin-walled cysts which may replace ovarian tissue, ascites and pleural effusion
sonographic appearance of paraovarian cysts?
a. Simple cyst adjacent to ovary
b. May have nodular areas and occasional septations
clinical presentation of peritoneal inclusion cysts?
Pelvic pain and/or pelvic mass
sonographic appearance of peritoneal inclusion cysts?
a. Multi-loculated cystic adnexal masses
b. The presence of an intact ovary amid septations and fluid
What is endometriosis?
Common condition in which functioning endometrial tissue is present outside the uterus
three locations in pelvis where ectopic tissue may be found
Anywhere in pelvis
Ovary, fallopian tube,
broad ligament,
external surface of uterus,
scattered over peritoneum,
cul-de-sac, bowel, bladder
clinical symptoms would a patient with endometriosis possibly present with?
pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, dyschezia, urinary symptoms and infertility.
