Ovarian pathology

Question 1

Corpus luteum cysts
unilateral or bilateral

Answer 1

Unilateral

Question 2

Abnormal ovaries are suggestive of malignancy are defined as appearing

Answer 2

enlarged and echogenic

Question 3

Ovarian cyst that measures —– is recommended having it removed surgically

Answer 3

> 7cm

Question 4

Simple cyst criteria

Answer 4

Anechoic, thin walled, Posterior acoustic enhancement

Question 5

What is ring of Fire

Answer 5

Corpus luteum has peripheral rim of color around wall on color doppler

Question 6

Sono appearance of corpus luteum

Answer 6

Cystic type of lesion
Thick walled
may have internal echoes secondary to hemorrhage
ring of fire

Question 7

When a cyst hemorrhage, what are the the sign and symptom?

Answer 7

acute onset pelvic pain

Question 8

Sono appearance of acute hemorrhagic cyst

Answer 8

-Hyperechoic
-Mimic solid mass
-Smooth posterior wall
-Shows PAE indicating its cystic component
-Internal patern becomes more complex as undergoes hemolysis

Question 9

How does internal pattern change as colt undergoes hemolysis?

Answer 9

-Internal pattern becomes more complex as undergoes hemolysis
-Interconnecting lines believed to be result of fibrin strands.
-Concave outer margin
-no color doppler

Question 10

Which type of cyst is associated with high level of human chorionic gonadotropin?

Answer 10

Theca-lutein cysts

Question 11

Theca lutein cysts are usually ____, ______, and _______.

Answer 11

_large__, ___bilateral___, and __multiloculated____

Question 12

Clinical symptoms of theca Lutein cyst

Answer 12

Nausea and vomiting

Question 13

sonographic findings associated with theca lutein cysts

Answer 13

a. Multilocular cysts in both ovaries

Question 14

What may occur with these Theca lutein cysts?

Answer 14

May undergo hemorrhage and rupture, torsion

Question 15

Theca Lutein cyst are typically seen with what type of patients?

Answer 15

Patients with GTD

Question 16

Ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome frequent complication of what?

Answer 16

Ovulation induction (fertility treatment)

Question 17

signs/symptoms of mild form OHS?

Answer 17

Pelvic discomfort, but no significant weight gain

Question 18

Sonographically OHS

Answer 18

Ovaries enlarge, but measure less than 5cm in diameter

Question 19

signs/symptoms of moderate form OHS?

Answer 19

Nausea/vomiting, patient gains weight of 5-10lbs

Question 20

Sonographically: Moderate OHS

Answer 20

Ovarian enlargement between 5-12cm

Question 21

signs/symptoms of severe form OHS?

Answer 21

a. Severe pelvic pain
b. Abdominal distention
c. Weight gain more than 10 lbs

Question 22

sonographic appearance of severe OHS?

Answer 22

-Notably enlarged ovaries greater than 12cm in diameter,
-made up of numerous large,
-thin-walled cysts which may replace ovarian tissue, ascites and pleural effusion

Question 23

sonographic appearance of paraovarian cysts?

Answer 23

a. Simple cyst adjacent to ovary
b. May have nodular areas and occasional septations

Question 24

clinical presentation of peritoneal inclusion cysts?

Answer 24

Pelvic pain and/or pelvic mass

Question 25

sonographic appearance of peritoneal inclusion cysts?

Answer 25

a. Multi-loculated cystic adnexal masses
b. The presence of an intact ovary amid septations and fluid

Question 26

What is endometriosis?

Answer 26

Common condition in which functioning endometrial tissue is present outside the uterus

Question 27

three locations in pelvis where ectopic tissue may be found

Answer 27

Anywhere in pelvis
Ovary, fallopian tube,
broad ligament,
external surface of uterus,
scattered over peritoneum,
cul-de-sac, bowel, bladder

Question 28

clinical symptoms would a patient with endometriosis possibly present with?

Answer 28

pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, dyschezia, urinary symptoms and infertility.