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OBGYN > 1st Trimester > Flashcards

1st Trimester Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following would not be a normal sonographic appearance for a gestational sac?

intact echogenic borders
round, oval, or teardrop shaped
double decidua sign
located in mid to lower uterus

A

located in mid to lower uterus

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2
Q

Which of the following is the most common method used for measuring serum hCG levels?

1st IRP
2IS
3rd IRP

A

3rd IRP

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3
Q

Which of the following does the amnion NOT cover?

umbilical cord
insertion site into the embryo
yolk sac
amniotic fluid

A

yolk sac

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4
Q

A ___________ is the first reliable sign of an IUP (intrauterine pregnancy) with gray-scale sonography.

positive pregnancy test
secondary yolk sac
increased levels of hCG
gestational sac

A

gestational sac

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5
Q

During what week does the primitive gut develop?
week 4
week 5
week 6
week 8

A

week 4

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6
Q

The embryo forms limb buds at what week(s)?

Week 4-5
Week 5-6
Week 7-8
Week 9-10

A

Week 7-8

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7
Q

The morula will leave the fallopian tube and enter into where?

uterine cavity
blastocyst
corpus luteum
cervix

A

uterine cavity

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8
Q

Which of the following is used to help determine fetal well-being?

AFV
CRL
BPD
HC

A

AFV

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9
Q

Which lab would not be used to evaluate pregnancy?

ALT
AFP
inhibin A
unconugated estriol

A

ALT

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10
Q

The fetal phase makes up which weeks of development?

1-5
6-10
11-12
10-13

A

11-12

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11
Q

The umbilical cord is comprised of 2 veins and 1 artery.

True
False

A

False

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12
Q

What is the hCG level range that most labs use to indicate pregnancy should be visible?

1000-2000 mlU/ml
3000-4000 mlU/ml
5000 mlU/ml
50,000 mlU/ml
2000-3000 mlU/ml

A

1000-2000 mlU/ml

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13
Q

Which of the following would not be a normal sonographic appearance for a gestational sac?

anechoic
should be located in the mid to fundal uterus
should be located in mid to lower uterus
round, oval, or teardrop shaped

A

should be located in mid to lower uterus

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14
Q

A normal embryo grows at a rate of _______ per day.

2 cm
2 mm
1 mm
1 cm

A

1 mm

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15
Q

When the amniotic fluid is measured and put into units this is called:

AFC

MSD

AFV

CRL

A

AFV

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16
Q

Which of the following does the amnion NOT cover?

insertion site into the embryo

umbilical cord

yolk sac

A

yolk sac

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17
Q

When is the embryo a bilaminar disk?

Week 6

Week 7
Week 5

Week 4

A

Week 4

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18
Q

Which weeks are considered the most critical phase of human development?

12-14

4-5

6-10

5-8

A

6-10

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19
Q

Which of the following structures make up the double bleb sign?

A. yolk sac

B. chorion

C. amnion

D. pseudosac

B and C
A and C
A and B
C and D

A

A and C

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20
Q

The earliest a sonographer would expect to visualize the amnion, and consequently the double bleb sign, would be at _____ weeks.

6 weeks

4 weeks

3.5 weeks

5.5 weeks

A

4 weeks

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21
Q

Fertilization typically occurs in which portion of the fallopian tube?

infundibulum

ampulla

isthmus

interstitial portion

A

ampulla

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22
Q

Fertilization of the ovum typically occurs on what day?

16

20

14

15

A

15

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23
Q

Fetal lung buds will develop by:

week 6

week 4

week 5

week 8

A

week 5

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24
Q

Functional Kidney tissue and major organ systems are established by week:

9

8

7

10

A

10

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25
Q

What do sonographers use to determine the gestational age or menstrual age of an embryo/fetus?

first day of LMP

day 14 of a normal menstrual cycle

date of conception

last day of LMP

A

first day of LMP

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26
Q

A ___________ is the first reliable sign of an IUP with gray-scale sonography.

primitive yolk sac

increased levels of hCG

Gestational sac

secondary yolk sac

A

Gestational sac

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27
Q

During what week does the primitive gut develop?

week 5

Week 4

week 6

week 8

A

Week 4

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28
Q

While scanning an OB patient, you notice a midgut herniation extending into the base of the umbilical cord. According to the first day of LMP, the pregnancy is in 15th week. Which of the following should be done by you the technologist?

write that it appears abnormal and you notified the patient

note it was present during the scan, possibly normal vs. pathology

write on the worksheet that it appears normal

nothing at all

A

note it was present during the scan, possibly normal vs. pathology

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29
Q

The umbilical cord can be visualized around what anatomical structure?

Liver

Stomach

Kidneys

Bladder

A

Bladder

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30
Q

All of the following develop from the inner cell mass except:

embryonic disk

amnion

chorion

secondary yolk sac

A

chorion

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31
Q

Which of the following is not a layer of the endometrium in the pregnant state?

decidua media

decidua capsularis

decidua parietalis

decidua basilis

A

decidua media

32
Q

The embryo forms limb buds at what week(s)?

Week 9-10

Week 5-6

Week 7-8

Week 4-5

A

Week 7-8

33
Q

Which of the following would not be a cause of lower-than-expected hCG levels?

incorrect dates and pregnancy is not as far along

gestational trophoblastic disease

embryonic demise

ectopic pregnancy

A

gestational trophoblastic disease

34
Q

Which of the following occurs at week 8?

Heartbeat visualized

major organ systems are est. by week

mineralization of skeleton

amnion and chorion should fuse

A

mineralization of skeleton

35
Q

The morula is a ___ cell cluster.

25

14

13

16

A

16

36
Q

Which of the following is used to help determine fetal well-being?

AFV

CRL

BPD

HC

A

AFV

37
Q

The neural tube develops at what week?

week 4

week 7-8

week 6

week 5

A

week 4

38
Q

The morulla will leave the fallopian tube to enter into where?

uterine cavity

corpus luteum

blastocyst

endometrium

A

uterine cavity

39
Q

During what week does a primitive uteroplacental circulation develop?

week 4

week 5

week 6

week 7

A

week 4

40
Q

Sonographic visualization and identification of a _________ within an early gestational sac is diagnostic of IUP.

embryonic disk

double bleb sign

yolk sac

vitelline duct

A

yolk sac

41
Q

Typically, serum hCG levels will double every 2 to 3 _________.

hours

days

weeks

minutes

A

days

42
Q

During what week does the embryo become a trilaminar disk?

week 4

week 5

week 6

week 10

A

week 5

43
Q

Which of the following structures produces hCG?

C. embryonic disk
, Not Selected

A and B

B. inner cell mass

A. yolk sac

D and E

C and D

D. placenta

E. trophoblastic cells

A

D and E

44
Q

The morulla will leave the fallopian tube on what day?

15

18

20

21

A

18

45
Q

Typically, at which gestational age can a small gestational sac be visualized with TV ultrasound?

5.5 to 6 weeks

4.5 to 5 weeks

3-5 weeks

2 weeks

A

3-5 weeks

46
Q

Which of the following is the most accurate way of dating a pregnancy sonographically?

crown rump length

mean sac diameter

measurement of yolk sac

head circumference

by fetal heart rate

A

crown rump length

47
Q

The heart is visualized by week(s)?

4-5

5-7

6-8

10-12

A

5-7

48
Q

By what week has the neurotube become a primitive embryonic brain?

week 4

week 5

week 6

week 7

A

week 6

49
Q

During a normal 28 day menstrual cycle, ovulation typically occurs on day _____.

7

14

18

21

A

14

50
Q

What parts fuse to become the umbilical cord?

A

yolk stalk and vitelline duct

51
Q

The bladder is usually visualized at ____ weeks?

A

Correct answer:
11-13

52
Q

The chorion surrounds the following:

A

amnion, yolk sac, embryo

53
Q

Which term means “gravid or pregnant endometrium.”

A

decidua

54
Q

The embryo can be visualized at ____ weeks with TV ultrasound.

A

5-6 weeks

55
Q

When is the fetal phase?

A

Final 2 weeks of first trimester

56
Q

The placenta acts to transfer gases, supply nutrients, and produce hormones throughout the pregnancy.

True

False

A

True

57
Q

Which are functions of amniotic fluid?

aids with organ system development

produces estrogen and progesterone

shock absorber for fetus

removes waste products

A

aids with organ system development
hock absorber for fetus

58
Q

Match the terms to the corresponding answer.

oligohydramnios

inadequate amniotic fluid
chorionic villi
fingerlike projections of trophoblasts
lacunae
where gases and waste products are transferred
polyhydramnios-
excess amniotic fluid

A

polyhydramnios- excess amniotic fluid
oligohydramnios- inadequate amniotic fluid
chorionic villi-
fingerlike projections of trophoblasts
lacunae-
where gases and waste products are transferred

59
Q

midbrain-
mesencephalon
hindbrain-
rhombencephalon
forebrain-
prosencephalon

A
60
Q

Serum hCG becomes detectable at approximately same time as gestational sac is visualized TV.

False

True

A

False

61
Q

The rhombencephalon is the middle brain.

True

False

A

False

62
Q

The embryo’s initial heartbeat occurs at 6 weeks.

False

True

A

True

63
Q

The correct way to obtain the crown rump length is to measure from top of head to bottom of rump, including the legs.

True

False

A

False

64
Q

he amniotic cavity expands and fill the chorionic cavity, this should be complete by week 16.

True

False

A

True

65
Q

A patient has arrived for her first OB ultrasound exam. According to her lab results, the serum hCG level is 1980 mlU/ml. During the transabdominal scan, you are unable to visualized an intrauterine gestational sac. You should look for a possible ectopic pregnancy.

True

False

A

True

66
Q

What is formed first after the union of an egg and sperm?

zygote

A

zygote

67
Q

The umbilical cord is usually visualized at ____ weeks.

A

8 weeks

68
Q

Which yolk sac is visualized sonographically throughout the first trimester?

A

secondary

69
Q

What is the normal diameter of the Umbilical Cord?

A

<2 cm

70
Q

The zygote will divide and then become a ___________.

A

morula

71
Q

Implantation should be complete by day ______.

A

28

72
Q

Where does normal bowel herniation occur?

A

base of umbilical cord

73
Q

hCG stands for:

A

human chorionic gonadotrophin

74
Q

What is the time range for the first trimester?

A

first day of LMP to 12 weeks

75
Q

What makes up fetal vernix?

A

skin flakes

76
Q

What occurs during the fetal phase?

A

rapid growth, organ devl, intestinal activity

OBGYN (8 decks)

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